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Large vision language models (VLMs) increasingly claim reasoning skills, yet current benchmarks evaluate them in single-turn or question answering settings. However, grounding is an interactive process in which people gradually develop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Saki Imai , Mert İnan , Anthony Sicilia , Malihe Alikhani

Autonomous agents capable of navigating Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) hold the potential to revolutionize digital productivity. However, achieving true digital autonomy extends beyond reactive element matching; it necessitates a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Hongxin Li , Xiping Wang , Jingran Su , Zheng Ju , Yuntao Chen , Qing Li , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have yielded increasingly powerful models, yet their perceptual capacities remain poorly characterized. In practice, most model families scale language component while reusing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Tejas Anvekar , Fenil Bardoliya , Pavan K. Turaga , Chitta Baral , Vivek Gupta

Graphical user interface (GUI) grounding, the ability to map natural language instructions to specific actions on graphical user interfaces, remains a critical bottleneck in computer use agent development. Current benchmarks oversimplify…

Visual grounding is a task to locate the target indicated by a natural language expression. Existing methods extend the generic object detection framework to this problem. They base the visual grounding on the features from pre-generated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Li Yang , Yan Xu , Chunfeng Yuan , Wei Liu , Bing Li , Weiming Hu

Visual and textual soft prompt tuning can effectively improve the adaptability of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in downstream tasks. However, fine-tuning on video tasks impairs the model's generalization ability to unseen classes. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Bin Wang , Ruotong Hu , Wentong Li , Wenqian Wang , Mingliang Gao , Runmin Cong , Wei Zhang , Xudong Jiang

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have advanced rapidly by aligning visual patches with the text embedding space, but a fixed visual-token budget forces images to be resized to a uniform pretraining resolution, often erasing fine-grained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Zipeng Zhu , Zhanghao Hu , Qinglin Zhu , Yuxi Hong , Yijun Liu , Jingyong Su , Yulan He , Lin Gui

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have shown rapid progress in mobile GUI navigation. This paper presents a systematic study of data scaling, benchmarking, and reasoning for VLM-based agents in this domain. To facilitate rigorous evaluation, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Heng Qu , Yike Liu , Renren Jin , Wenzong Zhang , Pengzhi Gao , Wei Liu , Jian Luan

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are widely regarded as crucial in the exploration of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). The core of MLLMs lies in their capability to achieve cross-modal alignment. To attain this goal, current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Fei Zhao , Taotian Pang , Chunhui Li , Zhen Wu , Junjie Guo , Shangyu Xing , Xinyu Dai

Most multimodal large language models (MLLMs) learn language-to-object grounding through causal language modeling where grounded objects are captured by bounding boxes as sequences of location tokens. This paradigm lacks pixel-level…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Yichi Zhang , Ziqiao Ma , Xiaofeng Gao , Suhaila Shakiah , Qiaozi Gao , Joyce Chai

Graphical User Interface (GUI) grounding requires mapping natural language instructions to precise pixel coordinates. However, due to visually homogeneous elements and dense layouts, models typically grasp semantic intent yet struggle with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Wenkai Wang , Xiyun Li , Hongcan Guo , Wenhao Yu , Tianqing Fang , Haitao Mi , Dong Yu , Shengyu Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models have achieved impressive performance on a variety of vision-language tasks, yet their fine-grained visual perception and precise spatial reasoning remain limited. In this work, we introduce DiG (Differential…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Zhou Tao , Shida Wang , Yongxiang Hua , Haoyu Cao , Linli Xu

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in various multi-modal tasks. Nevertheless, their performance in fine-grained image understanding tasks is still limited. To address this issue, this paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Shiyu Xuan , Qingpei Guo , Ming Yang , Shiliang Zhang

Recent development in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have leverage Attention-based Transformer architectures and achieved superior performance and generalization capabilities. They have since…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Yuze Zhao , Jintao Huang , Jinghan Hu , Xingjun Wang , Yunlin Mao , Daoze Zhang , Hong Zhang , Zeyinzi Jiang , Zhikai Wu , Baole Ai , Ang Wang , Wenmeng Zhou , Yingda Chen

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have been shown to be blind, often underutilizing their visual inputs even on tasks that require visual reasoning. In this work, we demonstrate that VLMs are selectively blind. They modulate the amount of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Wan-Cyuan Fan , Jiayun Luo , Declan Kutscher , Leonid Sigal , Ritwik Gupta

Current text-to-video models (T2V) can generate high-quality, temporally coherent, and visually realistic videos. Nonetheless, errors still often occur, and are more nuanced and local compared to the previous generation of T2V models. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Aditya Chinchure , Sahithya Ravi , Pushkar Shukla , Vered Shwartz , Leonid Sigal

Prompt tuning, a recently emerging paradigm, enables the powerful vision-language pre-training models to adapt to downstream tasks in a parameter -- and data -- efficient way, by learning the ``soft prompts'' to condition frozen…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Juncheng Li , Minghe Gao , Longhui Wei , Siliang Tang , Wenqiao Zhang , Mengze Li , Wei Ji , Qi Tian , Tat-Seng Chua , Yueting Zhuang

With the development of multimodal reasoning models, Computer Use Agents (CUAs), akin to Jarvis from \textit{"Iron Man"}, are becoming a reality. GUI grounding is a core component for CUAs to execute actual actions, similar to mechanical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Miaosen Zhang , Ziqiang Xu , Jialiang Zhu , Qi Dai , Kai Qiu , Yifan Yang , Chong Luo , Tianyi Chen , Justin Wagle , Tim Franklin , Baining Guo

By combining natural language understanding, generation capabilities, and breadth of knowledge of large language models with image perception, recent large vision language models (LVLMs) have shown unprecedented visual reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Siming Yan , Min Bai , Weifeng Chen , Xiong Zhou , Qixing Huang , Li Erran Li

In recent years, developing compact and efficient large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a thriving area of research. Traditional Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT), which relies on singular ground truth labels, often fails to capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Jingyao Li , Senqiao Yang , Sitong Wu , Han Shi , Chuanyang Zheng , Hong Xu , Jiaya Jia