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As artificial intelligence systems increasingly operate in Real-world environments, the integration of multi-modal data sources such as vision, language, and audio presents both unprecedented opportunities and critical challenges for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Sree Bhargavi Balija

Unified multimodal models have recently demonstrated strong generative capabilities, yet whether and when generation improves understanding remains unclear. Existing benchmarks lack a systematic exploration of the specific tasks where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zimo Wen , Boxiu Li , Wanbo Zhang , Junxiang Lei , Xiaoyu Chen , Yijia Fan , Qi Zhang , Yujiang Wang , Lili Qiu , Bo Li , Ziwei Liu , Caihua Shan , Yifan Yang , Yifei Shen

Learned world models hold significant potential for robotic manipulation, as they can serve as simulator for real-world interactions. While extensive progress has been made in 2D video-based world models, these approaches often lack…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Chuanrui Zhang , Zhengxian Wu , Guanxing Lu , Yansong Tang , Ziwei Wang

Existing multimodal sentiment analysis tasks are highly rely on the assumption that the training and test sets are complete multimodal data, while this assumption can be difficult to hold: the multimodal data are often incomplete in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Xianbing Zhao , Soujanya Poria , Xuejiao Li , Yixin Chen , Buzhou Tang

The ability to reason with and integrate different sensory inputs is the foundation underpinning human intelligence and it is the reason for the growing interest in modelling multi-modal information within Knowledge Graphs. Multi-Modal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Gianluca Apriceno , Valentina Tamma , Tania Bailoni , Jacopo de Berardinis , Mauro Dragoni

The next generation of autonomous agents must not only learn efficiently but also act reliably and adapt their behavior in open worlds. Standard approaches typically assume fixed tasks and environments with little or no novelty, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Florent Delgrange

Camera-centric understanding and generation are two cornerstones of spatial intelligence, yet they are typically studied in isolation. We present Puffin, a unified camera-centric multimodal model that extends spatial awareness along the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Kang Liao , Size Wu , Zhonghua Wu , Linyi Jin , Chao Wang , Yikai Wang , Fei Wang , Wei Li , Chen Change Loy

Unified multimodal models often struggle with complex synthesis tasks that demand deep reasoning, and typically treat text-to-image generation and image editing as isolated capabilities rather than interconnected reasoning steps. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Dianyi Wang , Chaofan Ma , Feng Han , Size Wu , Wei Song , Yibin Wang , Zhixiong Zhang , Tianhang Wang , Siyuan Wang , Zhongyu Wei , Jiaqi Wang

Seismic geobody interpretation is crucial for structural geology studies and various engineering applications. Existing deep learning methods show promise but lack support for multi-modal inputs and struggle to generalize to different…

Geophysics · Physics 2024-09-17 Hang Gao , Xinming Wu , Luming Liang , Hanlin Sheng , Xu Si , Gao Hui , Yaxing Li

This position paper argues for the use of \emph{structured generative models} (SGMs) for the understanding of static scenes. This requires the reconstruction of a 3D scene from an input image (or a set of multi-view images), whereby the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Christopher K. I. Williams

Analogical reasoning is fundamental to human cognition and holds an important place in various fields. However, previous studies mainly focus on single-modal analogical reasoning and ignore taking advantage of structure knowledge. Notably,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Ningyu Zhang , Lei Li , Xiang Chen , Xiaozhuan Liang , Shumin Deng , Huajun Chen

Unified Multimodal Models (UMMs) integrate both visual understanding and generation within a single framework. Their ultimate aspiration is to create a cycle where understanding and generation mutually reinforce each other. While recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zihan Su , Hongyang Wei , Kangrui Cen , Yong Wang , Guanhua Chen , Chun Yuan , Xiangxiang Chu

Wearable foundation models (WFMs), trained on large volumes of data collected by affordable, always-on devices, have demonstrated strong performance on short-term, well-defined health monitoring tasks, including activity recognition,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Yu Yvonne Wu , Yuwei Zhang , Hyungjun Yoon , Ting Dang , Dimitris Spathis , Tong Xia , Qiang Yang , Jing Han , Dong Ma , Sung-Ju Lee , Cecilia Mascolo

Reasoning has long been understood as a pathway between stages of understanding. Proper reasoning leads to understanding of a given subject. This reasoning was conceptualized as a process of understanding in a particular way, i.e.,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Hendrik Kempt , Alon Lavie

Multimodality can make (especially mobile) device interaction more efficient. Sensors and communication capabilities of modern smartphones and tablets lay the technical basis for its implementation. Still, mobile platforms do not make…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2014-06-13 Andreas Möller , Stefan Diewald , Luis Roalter , Matthias Kranz

Spatial reasoning from monocular images is essential for autonomous driving, yet current Vision-Language Models (VLMs) still struggle with fine-grained geometric perception, particularly under large scale variation and ambiguous object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Yanchun Cheng , Rundong Wang , Xulei Yang , Alok Prakash , Daniela Rus , Marcelo H Ang , ShiJie Li

Video understanding represents the most challenging frontier in computer vision, requiring models to reason about complex spatiotemporal relationships, long-term dependencies, and multimodal evidence. The recent emergence of Video-Large…

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly enhanced performance on 2D visual tasks. However, improving their spatial intelligence remains a challenge. Existing 3D MLLMs always rely on additional 3D or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Diankun Wu , Fangfu Liu , Yi-Hsin Hung , Yueqi Duan

As an effective approach to understanding the human-centric physical world, Wearable Artificial Intelligence (AI), which leverages multimodal wearable sensors to understand human physiology and behavior, has attracted increasing attention…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Yize Cai , Baoshen Guo , Guobin Shen , Zhiqing Hong

While Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved impressive performance on semantic tasks, their spatial intelligence--crucial for robust and grounded AI systems--remains underdeveloped. Existing benchmarks fall short of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Mingrui Wu , Zhaozhi Wang , Fangjinhua Wang , Jiaolong Yang , Marc Pollefeys , Tong Zhang