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Referring expression counting (REC) algorithms are for more flexible and interactive counting ability across varied fine-grained text expressions. However, the requirement for fine-grained attribute understanding poses challenges for prior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Zhicheng Wang , Zhiyu Pan , Zhan Peng , Jian Cheng , Liwen Xiao , Wei Jiang , Zhiguo Cao

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) aims to localize an image region of a given object described by a natural-language expression. While promising performance has been demonstrated, existing REC algorithms make a strong assumption that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Heng Tao Shen , Cheng Chen , Peng Wang , Lianli Gao , Meng Wang , Jingkuan Song

The task of multimodal referring expression comprehension (REC), aiming at localizing an image region described by a natural language expression, has recently received increasing attention within the research comminity. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Zhi Zhang , Helen Yannakoudakis , Xiantong Zhen , Ekaterina Shutova

Recent advances in deep learning have brought significant progress in visual grounding tasks such as language-guided video object segmentation. However, collecting large datasets for these tasks is expensive in terms of annotation time,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Ioannis Kazakos , Carles Ventura , Miriam Bellver , Carina Silberer , Xavier Giro-i-Nieto

This paper addresses the problem of 3D referring expression comprehension (REC) in autonomous driving scenario, which aims to ground a natural language to the targeted region in LiDAR point clouds. Previous approaches for REC usually focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-26 Wenhao Cheng , Junbo Yin , Wei Li , Ruigang Yang , Jianbing Shen

Zero-shot referring expression comprehension (REC) aims to locate target objects in images given natural language queries without relying on task-specific training data, demanding strong visual understanding capabilities. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Yike Wu , Necva Bolucu , Stephen Wan , Dadong Wang , Jiahao Xia , Jian Zhang

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) aims to localize the image region corresponding to a natural language query. Recent neuro-symbolic REC approaches leverage large language models (LLMs) and vision-language models (VLMs) to perform…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Hyejin Park , Junhyuk Kwon , Suha Kwak , Jungseul Ok

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) aims to localize the target objects specified by free-form natural language descriptions in images. While state-of-the-art methods achieve impressive performance, they perform a dense perception of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Wei Su , Peihan Miao , Huanzhang Dou , Xi Li

Referring expressions are natural language descriptions that identify a particular object within a scene and are widely used in our daily conversations. In this work, we focus on segmenting the object in an image specified by a referring…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Yi-Wen Chen , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Tiantian Wang , Yen-Yu Lin , Ming-Hsuan Yang

This paper focuses on a referring expression generation (REG) task in which the aim is to pick out an object in a complex visual scene. One common theoretical approach to this problem is to model the task as a two-agent cooperative scheme…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-17 Hieu Le , Taufiq Daryanto , Fabian Zhafransyah , Derry Wijaya , Elizabeth Coppock , Sang Chin

Object counting has progressed from class-specific models, which count only known categories, to class-agnostic models that generalize to unseen categories. The next challenge is Referring Expression Counting (REC), where the goal is to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Kostas Triaridis , Panagiotis Kaliosis , E-Ro Nguyen , Jingyi Xu , Hieu Le , Dimitris Samaras

This paper addresses the generation of referring expressions that not only refer to objects correctly but also let humans find them quickly. As a target becomes relatively less salient, identifying referred objects itself becomes more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-30 Mikihiro Tanaka , Takayuki Itamochi , Kenichi Narioka , Ikuro Sato , Yoshitaka Ushiku , Tatsuya Harada

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) is an emerging research spot in computer vision, which refers to detecting the target region in an image given an text description. Most existing REC methods follow a multi-stage pipeline, which are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Yiyi Zhou , Rongrong Ji , Gen Luo , Xiaoshuai Sun , Jinsong Su , Xinghao Ding , Chia-wen Lin , Qi Tian

We investigate the problem of video Referring Expression Comprehension (REC), which aims to localize the referent objects described in the sentence to visual regions in the video frames. Despite the recent progress, existing methods suffer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-18 Meng Cao , Ji Jiang , Long Chen , Yuexian Zou

Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) is usually addressed with task-trained grounding models. We show that a zero-shot workflow, without any REC-specific training, can achieve competitive or superior performance. Our approach…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Jeffrey Liu , Rongbin Hu

Referring Expression Segmentation (RES) aims to generate a segmentation mask for the object described by a given language expression. Existing classic RES datasets and methods commonly support single-target expressions only, i.e., one…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Chang Liu , Henghui Ding , Xudong Jiang

AI-driven geometric problem solving is a complex vision-language task that requires accurate diagram interpretation, mathematical reasoning, and robust cross-modal grounding. A foundational yet underexplored capability for this task is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Bing Liu , Wenqiang Yv , Xuzheng Yang , Shichang Wang , Junzhuo Liu , Peng Wang , Guoqing Wang , Yang Yang , Heng Tao Shen

Referring expression comprehension (REC) aims to localize a text-related region in a given image by a referring expression in natural language. Existing methods focus on how to build convincing visual and language representations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-23 Shuai Wang , Fan Lyu , Wei Feng , Song Wang

Conventional referring expression comprehension (REF) assumes people to query something from an image by describing its visual appearance and spatial location, but in practice, we often ask for an object by describing its affordance or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Peng Wang , Dongyang Liu , Hui Li , Qi Wu

Referring Expressions Generation (REG) aims to produce textual descriptions that unambiguously identifies specific objects within a visual scene. Traditionally, this has been achieved through supervised learning methods, which perform well…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Lior Bracha , Eitan Shaar , Aviv Shamsian , Ethan Fetaya , Gal Chechik