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Research on adversarial robustness in language models is currently fragmented across applications and attacks, obscuring shared vulnerabilities. In this work, we propose unifying the study of adversarial robustness in text scoring models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Manveer Singh Tamber , Hosna Oyarhoseini , Jimmy Lin

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming cybersecurity by enabling intelligent, adaptive, and automated approaches to threat detection, vulnerability assessment, and incident response. With their advanced language understanding and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Niveen O. Jaffal , Mohammed Alkhanafseh , David Mohaisen

Machine unlearning, the study of efficiently removing the impact of specific training instances on a model, has garnered increased attention in recent years due to regulatory guidelines such as the \emph{Right to be Forgotten}. Achieving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Martin Pawelczyk , Seth Neel , Himabindu Lakkaraju

Evolutionary algorithms excel in solving complex optimization problems, especially those with multiple objectives. However, their stochastic nature can sometimes hinder rapid convergence to the global optima, particularly in scenarios…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Zeyi Wang , Songbai Liu , Jianyong Chen , Kay Chen Tan

Considerable research efforts have been devoted to ensuring that large language models (LLMs) align with human values and generate safe text. However, an excessive focus on sensitivity to certain topics can compromise the model's robustness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Huachuan Qiu , Shuai Zhang , Anqi Li , Hongliang He , Zhenzhong Lan

Adversarial Machine Learning (AML) addresses vulnerabilities in AI systems where adversaries manipulate inputs or training data to degrade performance. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of evasion and poisoning attacks,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Pranav K Jha

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong reasoning and memorization capabilities via pretraining on massive textual corpora. However, this poses risk of privacy and copyright violations, highlighting the need for efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Sungmin Cha , Sungjun Cho , Dasol Hwang , Moontae Lee

As large language models (LLMs) become integral to various applications, ensuring both their safety and utility is paramount. Jailbreak attacks, which manipulate LLMs into generating harmful content, pose significant challenges to this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Guobin Shen , Dongcheng Zhao , Yiting Dong , Xiang He , Yi Zeng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in instruction-following, becoming increasingly crucial across various applications. However, this capability brings with it the risk of prompt injection attacks, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Zekun Li , Baolin Peng , Pengcheng He , Xifeng Yan

Unlearning in large language models (LLMs) aims to remove specified data, but its efficacy is typically assessed with task-level metrics like accuracy and perplexity. We show that these metrics can be misleading, as models can appear to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xiaoyu Xu , Xiang Yue , Yang Liu , Qingqing Ye , Huadi Zheng , Peizhao Hu , Minxin Du , Haibo Hu

Machine unlearning has emerged as a critical capability for addressing privacy, safety, and regulatory concerns in large language models (LLMs). Existing methods operate at the sequence level, applying uniform updates across all tokens…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Jiawei Wu , Doudou Zhou

Policy robustness in Reinforcement Learning may not be desirable at any cost: the alterations caused by robustness requirements from otherwise optimal policies should be explainable, quantifiable and formally verifiable. In this work we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Daniel Jarne Ornia , Licio Romao , Lewis Hammond , Manuel Mazo , Alessandro Abate

Recently, the number of off-the-shelf Large Language Models (LLMs) has exploded with many open-source options. This creates a diverse landscape regarding both serving options (e.g., inference on local hardware vs remote LLM APIs) and model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Dimitrios Sikeridis , Dennis Ramdass , Pranay Pareek

Large language model (LLM) watermarking has shown promise in detecting AI-generated content and mitigating misuse, with prior work claiming robustness against paraphrasing and text editing. In this paper, we argue that existing evaluations…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Hanbo Huang , Yiran Zhang , Hao Zheng , Xuan Gong , Yihan Li , Lin Liu , Zhuotao Liu , Shiyu Liang

We study the problem of optimizing Large Language Model (LLM) inference scheduling to minimize total latency. LLM inference is an online and multi-task service process and also heavily energy consuming by which a pre-trained LLM processes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zixi Chen , Yinyu Ye , Zijie Zhou

We study the use of large language models (LLMs) for physics instrument design and compare their performance to reinforcement learning (RL). Using only prompting, LLMs are given task constraints and summaries of prior high-scoring designs…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-01-13 Sara Zoccheddu , Shah Rukh Qasim , Patrick Owen , Nicola Serra

The ubiquity of distributed machine learning (ML) in sensitive public domain applications calls for algorithms that protect data privacy, while being robust to faults and adversarial behaviors. Although privacy and robustness have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Youssef Allouah , Rachid Guerraoui , Nirupam Gupta , Rafael Pinot , John Stephan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained widespread adoption across various domains, including chatbots and auto-task completion agents. However, these models are susceptible to safety vulnerabilities such as jailbreaking, prompt injection,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Divyanshu Kumar , Anurakt Kumar , Sahil Agarwal , Prashanth Harshangi

Machine unlearning aims to remove specific information, e.g. sensitive or undesirable content, from large language models (LLMs) while preserving overall performance. We propose an inference-time unlearning algorithm that uses contrastive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Vinith M. Suriyakumar , Ayush Sekhari , Ashia Wilson

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into daily routines, yet they raise significant privacy and safety concerns. Recent research proposes collaborative inference, which outsources the early-layer inference to ensure…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Tian Dong , Yan Meng , Shaofeng Li , Guoxing Chen , Zhen Liu , Haojin Zhu
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