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Methods based on Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) are nowadays extensively used in support of vision-and-language tasks involving remote sensing data, such as cross-modal retrieval. The adaptation of CLIP to this specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 João Daniel Silva , Joao Magalhaes , Devis Tuia , Bruno Martins

Embedding vision-language models (VLMs) are typically pretrained with short text windows (<77 tokens), which forces the truncation of long-format captions. Yet, the distribution of biomedical captions from large-scale open source literature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Min Woo Sun , Alejandro Lozano , Javier Gamazo Tejero , Vishwesh Nath , Xiao Xiao Sun , James Burgess , Yuhui Zhang , Kun Yuan , Robert Tibshirani , Sean Huver , Serena Yeung-Levy

It is highly desirable yet challenging to generate image captions that can describe novel objects which are unseen in caption-labeled training data, a capability that is evaluated in the novel object captioning challenge (nocaps). In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-08 Xiaowei Hu , Xi Yin , Kevin Lin , Lijuan Wang , Lei Zhang , Jianfeng Gao , Zicheng Liu

Visual latent reasoning lets a multimodal large language model (MLLM) create intermediate visual evidence as continuous tokens, avoiding external tools or image generators. However, existing methods usually follow an output-as-input latent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yanting Miao , Yutao Sun , Dexin Wang , Mengyu Zhou , Pascal Poupart , Lei Lv , Qi Zhao , Li Wang , Hao Li , Xiaoxi Jiang , Guanjun Jiang

Treating texts as images, combining prompts with textual labels for prompt tuning, and leveraging the alignment properties of CLIP have been successfully applied in zero-shot multi-label image recognition. Nonetheless, relying solely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Haonan Xu , Dian Chao , Xiangyu Wu , Zhonghua Wan , Yang Yang

Surgical captioning plays an important role in surgical instruction prediction and report generation. However, the majority of captioning models still rely on the heavy computational object detector or feature extractor to extract regional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-04 Mengya Xu , Mobarakol Islam , Hongliang Ren

This paper presents a novel approach for automatically generating image descriptions: visual detectors, language models, and multimodal similarity models learnt directly from a dataset of image captions. We use multiple instance learning to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-02-22 Hao Fang , Saurabh Gupta , Forrest Iandola , Rupesh Srivastava , Li Deng , Piotr Dollár , Jianfeng Gao , Xiaodong He , Margaret Mitchell , John C. Platt , C. Lawrence Zitnick , Geoffrey Zweig

Vision-language models (VLMs) achieve remarkable performance through large-scale image-text pretraining. However, their reliance on labeled image datasets limits scalability and leaves vast amounts of unlabeled image data underutilized. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Sanghyun Byun , Jung Ick Guack , Mohanad Odema , Baisub Lee , Jacob Song , Woo Seong Chung

Despite the success of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) like CLIP in aligning vision and language, their proficiency in detailed, fine-grained visual comprehension remains a key challenge. We present CLIP-IN, a novel framework that bolsters…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ziteng Wang , Siqi Yang , Limeng Qiao , Lin Ma

This paper outlines our submission to the MEDIQA2024 Multilingual and Multimodal Medical Answer Generation (M3G) shared task. We report results for two standalone solutions under the English category of the task, the first involving two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Ronald Xie , Steven Palayew , Augustin Toma , Gary Bader , Bo Wang

Large-scale but noisy image-text pair data have paved the way for the success of Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP). As the foundation vision encoder, CLIP in turn serves as the cornerstone for most large vision-language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Zhixiang Wei , Guangting Wang , Xiaoxiao Ma , Ke Mei , Huaian Chen , Yi Jin , Fengyun Rao

Detailed image captioning demands both factual grounding and fine-grained coverage, yet existing methods have struggled to achieve them simultaneously. We address this tension with Reflective Note-Guided Captioning (ReflectCAP), where a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Kyungmin Min , Minbeom Kim , Kang-il Lee , Seunghyun Yoon , Kyomin Jung

Image captioning is one of the most fundamental tasks in computer vision. Owing to its open-ended nature, it has received significant attention in the era of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). In pursuit of ever more detailed and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shaokai Ye , Vasileios Saveris , Yihao Qian , Jiaming Hu , Elmira Amirloo , Peter Grasch

It has been a longstanding goal within image captioning to move beyond a dependence on object detection. We investigate using superpixels coupled with Vision Language Models (VLMs) to bridge the gap between detector-based captioning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Henry Senior , Luca Rossi , Gregory Slabaugh , Shanxin Yuan

Visual Language Models (VLMs) are powerful generative tools but often produce factually inaccurate outputs due to a lack of robust reasoning capabilities. While extensive research has been conducted on integrating external knowledge for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Shamima Hossain

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for image understanding tasks, yet their practical deployment remains hindered by significant architectural heterogeneity across model families. This paper introduces UVLM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Joan Perez , Giovanni Fusco

Existing open-vocabulary object detectors typically require a predefined set of categories from users, significantly confining their application scenarios. In this paper, we introduce DetCLIPv3, a high-performing detector that excels not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Lewei Yao , Renjie Pi , Jianhua Han , Xiaodan Liang , Hang Xu , Wei Zhang , Zhenguo Li , Dan Xu

Many vision-language models (VLMs) that prove very effective at a range of multimodal task, build on CLIP-based vision encoders, which are known to have various limitations. We investigate the hypothesis that the strong language backbone in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Sho Takishita , Jay Gala , Abdelrahman Mohamed , Kentaro Inui , Yova Kementchedjhieva

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) offer inherent interpretability by initially translating images into human-comprehensible concepts, followed by a linear combination of these concepts for classification. However, the annotation of concepts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hangzhou He , Lei Zhu , Xinliang Zhang , Shuang Zeng , Qian Chen , Yanye Lu

Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) aims to cluster unlabeled images into known and novel categories using labeled images from known classes. To address the challenge of transferring features from known to unknown classes while mitigating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Bhupendra Solanki , Ashwin Nair , Mainak Singha , Souradeep Mukhopadhyay , Ankit Jha , Biplab Banerjee