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Serverless computing has grown rapidly for serving Large Language Model (LLM) inference due to its pay-as-you-go pricing, fine-grained GPU usage, and rapid scaling. However, our analysis reveals that current serverless can effectively serve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yifan Sui , Hao Wang , Hanfei Yu , Yitao Hu , Jianxun Li , Hao Wang

The growing demand for large language models (LLMs) requires serving systems to handle many concurrent requests with diverse service level objectives (SLOs). This exacerbates head-of-line (HoL) blocking during the compute-intensive prefill…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Chia-chi Hsieh , Zan Zong , Xinyang Chen , Jianjiang Li , Jidong Zhai , Lijie Wen

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) deliver impressive vision-language reasoning but suffer steep inference latency because self-attention scales quadratically with sequence length and thousands of visual tokens contributed by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Wengyi Zhan , Mingbao Lin , Zhihang Lin , Rongrong Ji

Inference with Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) on long sequences is both costly and slow due to the quadratic complexity of the self-attention mechanism. We introduce Star Attention, a two-phase block-sparse approximation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Shantanu Acharya , Fei Jia , Boris Ginsburg

This paper presents Block, a distributed scheduling framework designed to optimize load balancing and auto-provisioning across instances in large language model serving frameworks by leveraging contextual information from incoming requests.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Wei Da , Evangelia Kalyvianaki

The exploration and application of Large Language Models (LLMs) is thriving. To reduce deployment costs, continuous batching has become an essential feature in current service frameworks. The effectiveness of continuous batching relies on…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Ruihao Gong , Shihao Bai , Siyu Wu , Yunqian Fan , Zaijun Wang , Xiuhong Li , Hailong Yang , Xianglong Liu

Large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems have demonstrated remarkable promise for tackling complex tasks by breaking them down into subtasks that are iteratively planned, executed, observed, and refined. Despite their…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Enhao Zhang , Erkang Zhu , Gagan Bansal , Adam Fourney , Hussein Mozannar , Jack Gerrits

While Long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning significantly improves Large Language Models (LLMs) performance on complex reasoning tasks, the substantial computational and memory costs of generating long CoT sequences limit their efficiency…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Liang Zhang , Yu Zhao , Longyue Wang , Tianqi Shi , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Jinsong Su

In the context of Machine Learning as a Service (MLaaS) clouds, the extensive use of Large Language Models (LLMs) often requires efficient management of significant query loads. When providing real-time inference services, several…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Yiyuan He , Minxian Xu , Jingfeng Wu , Wanyi Zheng , Kejiang Ye , Chengzhong Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are machine learning models that have seen widespread adoption due to their capability of handling previously difficult tasks. LLMs, due to their training, are sensitive to how exactly a question is presented,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Jae Yong Lee , Sungmin Kang , Shin Yoo

The quadratic computational complexity of standard attention mechanisms presents a severe scalability bottleneck for LLMs in long-context scenarios. While hybrid attention mechanisms combining Full Attention (FA) and Sparse Attention (SA)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Quantong Qiu , Zhiyi Hong , Yi Yang , Haitian Wang , Kebin Liu , Qingqing Dang , Juntao Li , Min Zhang

Nowadays, large language models (LLMs) are published as a service and can be accessed by various applications via APIs, also known as language-model-as-a-service (LMaaS). Without knowing the generation length of requests, existing serving…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Ke Cheng , Wen Hu , Zhi Wang , Peng Du , Jianguo Li , Sheng Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have become pivotal in recent research. However, during the inference process, LLMs still require substantial resources. In this paper, we propose CliqueParcel, a method designed to improve the efficiency of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Jiayi Liu , Tinghan Yang , Jennifer Neville

Efficiently reranking documents retrieved from information retrieval (IR) pipelines to enhance overall quality of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system remains an important yet challenging problem. Recent studies have highlighted the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Jingyu Wu , Aditya Shrivastava , Jing Zhu , Alfy Samuel , Anoop Kumar , Daben Liu

The autoregressive nature of large language models (LLMs) fundamentally limits inference speed, as each forward pass generates only a single token and is often bottlenecked by memory bandwidth. Speculative decoding has emerged as a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Zihao An , Huajun Bai , Ziqiong Liu , Dong Li , Emad Barsoum

Hosting diverse large language model workloads in a unified resource pool through co-location is cost-effective. For example, long-running chat services generally follow diurnal traffic patterns, which inspire co-location of batch jobs to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Ping Zhang , Lei Su , Jinjie Yang , Xin Chen

Serving long-context LLMs is costly because attention computation grows linearly with context length. Dynamic sparse attention algorithms (DSAs) mitigate this by attending only to the key-value (KV) cache of critical tokens. However, with…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Qihui Zhou , Peiqi Yin , Pengfei Zuo , James Cheng

The computational challenges of Large Language Model (LLM) inference remain a significant barrier to their widespread deployment, especially as prompt lengths continue to increase. Due to the quadratic complexity of the attention…

The training paradigm integrating large language models (LLM) is gradually reshaping sequential recommender systems (SRS) and has shown promising results. However, most existing LLM-enhanced methods rely on rich textual information on the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Dugang Liu , Shenxian Xian , Xiaolin Lin , Xiaolian Zhang , Hong Zhu , Yuan Fang , Zhen Chen , Zhong Ming

Recent advances in LLM have been instrumental in autonomous robot control and human-robot interaction by leveraging their vast general knowledge and capabilities to understand and reason across a wide range of tasks and scenarios. Previous…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Jonas Bode , Bastian Pätzold , Raphael Memmesheimer , Sven Behnke
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