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Microgrids are local energy systems that integrate energy production, demand, and storage units. They are generally connected to the regional grid to import electricity when local production and storage do not meet the demand. In this…

Efficient energy management is essential for reliable and sustainable microgrid operation amid increasing renewable integration. In this paper, an imitation learning-based framework to approximate mixed-integer Economic Model Predictive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-29 Changrui Liu , Shengling Shi , Anil Alan , Ganesh Kumar Venayagamoorthy , Bart De Schutter

Battery energy storage systems (ESS) are widely used in microgrids to complement high renewables. However, the real-time energy management of microgrids with battery ESS is challenging in two aspects: 1) the evolution process of battery…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-13 Cheng Lyu , Youwei Jia , Zhao Xu

Microgrid (MG) system, which is composed of renewable resources with the utility grid, energy storage unit, electric vehicles, and loads, acts as a single controllable entity. To get efficient and low-cost energy, need to manage power flow…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-15 Airin Rahman , Hafte Hayelom Adhena , Ramy Georgious , Pablo Garcia

Microgrids are integrated systems that gather and operate energy production units to satisfy consumers demands. This paper details different mathematical methods to design the Energy Management System (EMS) of domestic microgrids. We…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-01-22 François Pacaud , Pierre Carpentier , Jean-Philippe Chancelier , Michel De Lara

One of the major challenges in the development of energy management systems (EMSs) for complex buildings is accurate modeling. To address this, we propose an EMS, which combines a Model Predictive Control (MPC) approach with data-driven…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-26 Thomas Schmitt , Jens Engel , Tobias Rodemann

This paper presents a Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme for flight scheduling and energy management of electric aviation networks, where electric aircraft transport passengers between electrified airports equipped with sustainable…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Finn Vehlhaber , Mauro Salazar

Monthly demand charges form a significant portion of the electric bill for microgrids with variable renewable energy generation. A battery energy storage system (BESS) is commonly used to manage these demand charges. Economic model…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-17 Cristian Cortes-Aguirre , Yi-An Chen , Avik Ghosh , Jan Kleissl , Adil Khurram

This paper addresses the issue of power flow control for partially faulty microgrids. In microgrid control systems, faults may occur in both electrical and communication layers. This may have severe effects on the operation of microgrids.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-08 Quanwei Qiu , Fuwen Yang , Yong Zhu

In this paper, we compare the effectiveness of a two-stage control strategy for the energy management system (EMS) of a grid-connected microgrid under uncertain solar irradiance and load demand using a real-world dataset from an island in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-01 Subrat Prasad Panda , Blaise Genest , Arvind Easwaran , Rémy Rigo-Mariani , PengFeng Lin

This paper presents the design, implementation, and validation of a smart, low-cost Energy Management System (EMS) and Demand Charge Management (DCM) prototype, developed as part of an undergraduate senior design project. The system serves…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Christian Escarrega , Wyatt Lopez Coggins , Sammy Hamed , Mohammadreza Iranpour , Mohammad Rasoul Narimani

This paper presents a model predictive control (MPC)-based online real-time adaptive control scheme for emergency voltage control in power systems. Despite tremendous success in various applications, real-time implementation of MPC for…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-08 Ramij Raja Hossain , Ratnesh Kumar

In current Medium Voltage DC (MVDC) Shipboard Power Systems (SPSs), multiple sources exist to supply power to a common dc bus. Conventionally, the power management of such systems is performed by controlling Power Generation Modules (PGMs)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-24 Mehrzad Mohammadi Bijaieh , Satish Vedula , Olugbenga Moses Anubi

Modern power systems are characterized by low inertia and fast voltage dynamics due to the increase of sources connecting via power electronics and the removal of large traditional thermal generators. Power electronics are commonly equipped…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-27 Pol Jané-Soneira , Ionela Prodan , Albertus Johannes Malan , Sören Hohmann

Optimizing pump operations is a challenging task for real-time management of water distribution systems (WDSs). With suitable pump scheduling, pumping costs can be significantly reduced. In this research, a novel economic model predictive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-06 Ye Wang , Kevin Too Yok , Wenyan Wu , Angus R. Simpson , Erik Weyer , Chris Manzie

In this work, a composite economic model predictive control (CEMPC) is proposed for the optimal operation of a stand-alone integrated energy system (IES). Time-scale multiplicity exists in IESs dynamics is taken into account and addressed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-24 Long Wu , Xunyuan Yin , Lei Pan , Jinfeng Liu

Emissions reduction and resilience to outages motivate the adoption of renewable microgrids. Surprisingly, research integrating both probabilistic grid outages and electric vehicle (EV) charging requirements remains limited. This paper…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Kobena Badu Enyam , Cara Koepele , Timothy Asare , Kevin Wallington , John Lygeros

This paper presents a flexible and modular control scheme based on distributed model predictive control (DMPC) to achieve optimal operation of decentralized energy systems in smart grids. The proposed approach is used to coordinate multiple…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-08-05 Paul Stadler , Araz Ashouri , Francois Marechal

In Part-I, we presented an optimal day-ahead scheduling scheme for dispatching active distribution networks accounting for the flexibility provided by electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) and other controllable resources such as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-22 Rahul K. Gupta , Sherif Fahmy , Max Chevron , Enea Figini , Mario Paolone

Fuel cell (FC)/battery hybrid systems have attracted substantial attention for achieving zero-emissions buses, trucks, ships, and planes. An online energy management system (EMS) is essential for these hybrid systems, it controls energy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-24 Junzhe Shi , Ulf Jakob Flø Aarsnes , Shengyu Tao , Ruiting Wang , Dagfinn Nærheim , Scott Moura
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