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Related papers: Cheat-Penalised Quantum Weak Coin-Flipping

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Loss of inputs can be detrimental to the security of quantum position verification (QPV) protocols, as it may allow attackers to not answer on all played rounds, but only on those they perform well on. In this work, we study…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-11 Rene Allerstorfer , Harry Buhrman , Florian Speelman , Philip Verduyn Lunel

Within the simultaneous message passing model of communication complexity, under a public-coin assumption, we derive the minimum achievable worst-case error probability of a classical fingerprinting protocol with one-sided error. We then…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Rolf T. Horn , A. J. Scott , Jonathan Walgate , Richard Cleve , A. I. Lvovsky , Barry C. Sanders

We initially consider a quantum system consisting of two qubits, which can be in one of two nonorthogonal states, \Psi_0 or \Psi_1. We distribute the qubits to two parties, Alice and Bob. They each measure their qubit and then compare their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Jihane Mimih , Mark Hillery

Recent results of Kaplan et al., building on previous work by Kuwakado and Morii, have shown that a wide variety of classically-secure symmetric-key cryptosystems can be completely broken by quantum chosen-plaintext attacks (qCPA). In such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-11 Gorjan Alagic , Alexander Russell

Let $q \in (0,1)$ and $\delta \in (0,1)$ be real numbers, and let $C$ be a coin that comes up heads with an unknown probability $p$, such that $p \neq q$. We present an algorithm that, on input $C$, $q$, and $\delta$, decides, with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Luís Fernando Schultz Xavier da Silveira , Michiel Smid

Bit commitment protocols whose security is based on the laws of quantum mechanics alone are generally held to be impossible. In this paper we give a strengthened and explicit proof of this result. We extend its scope to a much larger…

Quantum information technology has the potential to revolutionize computing, communications, and security. To fully realize its potential, quantum processors with millions of qubits are needed, which is still far from being accomplished.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-12 Nicholas Skjellum , Mohamed Shaban , Muhammad Ismail

We propose a communication protocol exploiting correlations between two events with a definite time-ordering: a) the outcome of a {\em weak measurement} on a spin, and b) the outcome of a subsequent ordinary measurement on the spin. In our…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Alonso Botero , Benni Reznik

One-sided output secure function evaluation is a cryptographic primitive where the two mutually distrustful players, Alice and Bob, both have a private input to a bivariate function. Bob obtains the value of the function for the given…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-10 Esther Hänggi , Severin Winkler

As sensor nodes are deployed anywhere in a wireless sensor network, hence their communication can be easily monitored. In these networks, message protection and node identification are very issues. Hence, security of large scale such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2013-04-04 S. Ahmed , N. Javaid , S. H. Bouk , A. Javaid , M. A. Khan , Z. A. Khan

We introduce a quantum key distribution protocol designed to expose fake users that connect to Alice or Bob for the purpose of monopolising the link and denying service. It inherently resists attempts to exhaust Alice and Bob's initial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-15 Alasdair B. Price , John G. Rarity , Chris Erven

Noisy quantum computers suffer from readout or measurement error. It is a classical bit-flip error due to which state "1" is read out as "0" and vice-versa. The probability of readout error shows a state dependence i.e., flipping…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-14 Abdullah Ash Saki , Swaroop Ghosh

In his seminal work, Cleve [STOC '86] has proved that any $r$-round coin-flipping protocol can be efficiently biased by $\Theta(1/r)$. This lower bound was met for the two-party case by Moran, Naor, and Segev [Journal of Cryptology '16],…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Amos Beimel , Iftach Haitner , Nikolaos Makriyannis , Eran Omri

A relativistic quantum information exchange protocol is proposed allowing two distant users to realize ``coin tossing'' procedure. The protocol is based on the point that in relativistic quantum theory reliable distinguishing between the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 S. N. Molotkov , S. S. Nazin

The most trivial way to simulate classically the communication of a quantum state is to transmit the classical description of the quantum state itself. However, this requires an infinite amount of classical communication if the simulation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-07 Alberto Montina

It is known that Bitcoin enables achieving fairness in secure computation by imposing monetary penalties on adversarial parties. This functionality is called secure computation with penalties. Bentov and Kumaresan (Crypto 2014) introduced…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Takeshi Nakai , Kazumasa Shinagawa

In practical quantum key distribution, weak coherent state is often used and the channel transmittance can be very small therefore the protocol could be totally insecure under the photon-number-splitting attack. We propose an efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Xiang-Bin Wang

In the setting of error-correcting codes with feedback, Alice wishes to communicate a $k$-bit message $x$ to Bob by sending a sequence of bits over a channel while noiselessly receiving feedback from Bob. It has been long known (Berlekamp,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Meghal Gupta , Venkatesan Guruswami , Rachel Yun Zhang

Quantum information processing is in real systems often limited by dissipation, stemming from remaining uncontrolled interaction with microscopic degrees of freedom. Given recent experimental progress, we consider weak dissipation,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-11 Tahereh Abad , Jorge Fernández-Pendás , Anton Frisk Kockum , Göran Johansson

We introduce a new setting for two-party cryptography with temporarily trusted third parties. In addition to Alice and Bob in this setting, there are additional third parties, which Alice and Bob both trust to be honest during the protocol.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-25 Norbert Lütkenhaus , Ashutosh S Marwah , Dave Touchette