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Generalization of models to out-of-distribution (OOD) data has captured tremendous attention recently. Specifically, compositional generalization, i.e., whether a model generalizes to new structures built of components observed during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Inbar Oren , Jonathan Herzig , Nitish Gupta , Matt Gardner , Jonathan Berant

Compositional generalization is the capability of a model to understand novel compositions composed of seen concepts. There are multiple levels of novel compositions including phrase-phrase level, phrase-word level, and word-word level.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Chuanhao Li , Zhen Li , Chenchen Jing , Xiaomeng Fan , Wenbo Ye , Yuwei Wu , Yunde Jia

Many tasks in control, robotics, and planning can be specified using desired goal configurations for various entities in the environment. Learning goal-conditioned policies is a natural paradigm to solve such tasks. However, current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Allan Zhou , Vikash Kumar , Chelsea Finn , Aravind Rajeswaran

Compositional generalization is a fundamental trait in humans, allowing us to effortlessly combine known phrases to form novel sentences. Recent works have claimed that standard seq-to-seq models severely lack the ability to compositionally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Arkil Patel , Satwik Bhattamishra , Phil Blunsom , Navin Goyal

Composing autoregressive models remains a core challenge in understanding how large language models can combine behaviors or skills learned across tasks. We introduce a new and principled composition strategy for autoregressive systems,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Aakash Kumar , Maria Sofia Bucarelli , Emanuele Natale

Compositional generalization, the ability to reason about novel combinations of familiar concepts, is fundamental to human cognition and a critical challenge for machine learning. Object-centric (OC) representations, which encode a scene as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Ferdinand Kapl , Amir Mohammad Karimi Mamaghan , Maximilian Seitzer , Karl Henrik Johansson , Carsten Marr , Stefan Bauer , Andrea Dittadi

Learning compositional representation is a key aspect of object-centric learning as it enables flexible systematic generalization and supports complex visual reasoning. However, most of the existing approaches rely on auto-encoding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Whie Jung , Jaehoon Yoo , Sungjin Ahn , Seunghoon Hong

Compositional generalization refers to a model's capability to generalize to newly composed input data based on the data components observed during training. It has triggered a series of compositional generalization analysis on different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Yunshi Lan , Lei Wang , Jing Jiang , Ee-Peng Lim

Compositionality is thought to be a key component of language, and various compositional benchmarks have been developed to empirically probe the compositional generalization of existing sequence processing models. These benchmarks often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Parikshit Ram , Tim Klinger , Alexander G. Gray

Compositional generalization is the capacity to recognize and imagine a large amount of novel combinations from known components. It is a key in human intelligence, but current neural networks generally lack such ability. This report…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-02-09 Yuanpeng Li

We introduce a framework for learning robust visual representations that generalize to new viewpoints, backgrounds, and scene contexts. Discriminative models often learn naturally occurring spurious correlations, which cause them to fail on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-30 Chengzhi Mao , Augustine Cha , Amogh Gupta , Hao Wang , Junfeng Yang , Carl Vondrick

The ability to compose learned concepts and apply them in novel settings is key to human intelligence, but remains a persistent limitation in state-of-the-art machine learning models. To address this issue, we introduce COGITAO, a modular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Yassine Taoudi-Benchekroun , Klim Troyan , Pascal Sager , Stefan Gerber , Lukas Tuggener , Benjamin Grewe

Compositional generalization has achieved substantial progress in computer vision on pre-collected training data. Nonetheless, real-world data continually emerges, with possible compositions being nearly infinite, long-tailed, and not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Zhen Li , Yuwei Wu , Chenchen Jing , Che Sun , Chuanhao Li , Yunde Jia

In policy learning, stitching and compositional generalization refer to the extent to which the policy is able to piece together sub-trajectories of data it is trained on to generate new and diverse behaviours. While stitching has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Quentin Clark , Florian Shkurti

We provide a study of how induced model sparsity can help achieve compositional generalization and better sample efficiency in grounded language learning problems. We consider simple language-conditioned navigation problems in a grid world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-07 Sam Spilsbury , Alexander Ilin

Compositional generalization requires models to produce novel configurations from familiar parts. In diffusion models, prior compositional generation methods typically assume that the relevant concepts or conditioning signals are already…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Zekun Wang , Anant Gupta , Tianyi Zhu , Christopher J. MacLellan

Object-centric representations promise a key property for few-shot learning: Rather than treating a scene as a single unit, a model can decompose it into individual object-level parts that can be matched and compared across different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Phu-Quy Nguyen-Lam , Phu-Hoa Pham , Dao Sy Duy Minh , Chi-Nguyen Tran , Huynh Trung Kiet , Long Tran-Thanh

The remarkable generalization performance of contrastive vision-language models like CLIP is often attributed to the diversity of their training distributions. However, key questions remain unanswered: Can CLIP generalize to an entirely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Elias Kempf , Simon Schrodi , Max Argus , Thomas Brox

Text-to-image diffusion models achieve impressive visual fidelity, yet they remain unreliable in multi-object generation. Despite extensive empirical evidence of these failures, the underlying causes remain unclear. We begin by asking how…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yujin Jeong , Arnas Uselis , Iro Laina , Seong Joon Oh , Anna Rohrbach

Compositional generalization is a key facet of human cognition, but lacking in current AI tools such as vision-language models. Previous work examined whether a compositional tensor-based sentence semantics can overcome the challenge, but…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Hala Hawashin , Mina Abbaszadeh , Nicholas Joseph , Beth Pearson , Martha Lewis , Mehrnoosh sadrzadeh