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An increasing number of data science and machine learning problems rely on computation with tensors, which better capture the multi-way relationships and interactions of data than matrices. When tapping into this critical advantage, a key…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-23 Harry Dong , Tian Tong , Cong Ma , Yuejie Chi

We study the algorithmic thresholds for principal component analysis of Gaussian $k$-tensors with a planted rank-one spike, via Langevin dynamics and gradient descent. In order to efficiently recover the spike from natural initializations,…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-06-23 Gerard Ben Arous , Reza Gheissari , Aukosh Jagannath

We investigate the sample size requirement for exact recovery of a high order tensor of low rank from a subset of its entries. In the Tucker decomposition framework, we show that the Riemannian optimization algorithm with initial value…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-11-13 Jian-Feng Cai , Lizhang Miao , Yang Wang , Yin Xian

Spectral methods are a leading approach for tensor PCA with a ``spiked" Gaussian tensor. The methods use the spectrum of a linear operator in a vector space with exponentially high dimension and in Ref. 1 it was shown that quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-12 Matthew B. Hastings

Robust tensor CP decomposition involves decomposing a tensor into low rank and sparse components. We propose a novel non-convex iterative algorithm with guaranteed recovery. It alternates between low-rank CP decomposition through gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-28 Animashree Anandkumar , Prateek Jain , Yang Shi , U. N. Niranjan

The tensor data recovery task has thus attracted much research attention in recent years. Solving such an ill-posed problem generally requires to explore intrinsic prior structures underlying tensor data, and formulate them as certain forms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Hailin Wang , Jiangjun Peng , Wenjin Qin , Jianjun Wang , Deyu Meng

Tensor robust principal component analysis (TRPCA) is a fundamental model in machine learning and computer vision. Recently, tensor train (TT) decomposition has been verified effective to capture the global low-rank correlation for tensor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Yuning Qiu , Guoxu Zhou , Zhenhao Huang , Qibin Zhao , Shengli Xie

We revisit the problem of finding optimal strategies for deterministic Markov Decision Processes (DMDPs), and a closely related problem of testing feasibility of systems of $m$ linear inequalities on $n$ real variables with at most two…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Adam Karczmarz

In sparse principal component analysis we are given noisy observations of a low-rank matrix of dimension $n\times p$ and seek to reconstruct it under additional sparsity assumptions. In particular, we assume here each of the principal…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-27 Yash Deshpande , Andrea Montanari

We solve tensor balancing, rescaling an Nth order nonnegative tensor by multiplying N tensors of order N - 1 so that every fiber sums to one. This generalizes a fundamental process of matrix balancing used to compare matrices in a wide…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-30 Mahito Sugiyama , Hiroyuki Nakahara , Koji Tsuda

This paper establishes a statistical versus computational trade-off for solving a basic high-dimensional machine learning problem via a basic convex relaxation method. Specifically, we consider the {\em Sparse Principal Component Analysis}…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-10-20 Tengyu Ma , Avi Wigderson

We consider the time and space required for quantum computers to solve a wide variety of problems involving matrices, many of which have only been analyzed classically in prior work. Our main results show that for a range of linear algebra…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Paul Beame , Niels Kornerup , Michael Whitmeyer

High-dimensional tensor-valued predictors arise in modern applications, increasingly as learned representations from neural networks. Existing tensor classification methods rely on sparsity or Tucker structures and often lack theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Elynn Chen , Yuefeng Han , Jiayu Li

In this paper, we study the estimation of a rank-one spiked tensor in the presence of heavy tailed noise. Our results highlight some of the fundamental similarities and differences in the tradeoff between statistical and computational…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-21 Arnab Auddy , Ming Yuan

Smoothed analysis is a powerful paradigm in overcoming worst-case intractability in unsupervised learning and high-dimensional data analysis. While polynomial time smoothed analysis guarantees have been obtained for worst-case intractable…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Aditya Bhaskara , Aidao Chen , Aidan Perreault , Aravindan Vijayaraghavan

Robust tensor principal component analysis (RTPCA) aims to separate the low-rank and sparse components from multi-dimensional data, making it an essential technique in the signal processing and computer vision fields. Recently emerging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Lanlan Feng , Ce Zhu , Yipeng Liu , Saiprasad Ravishankar , Longxiu Huang

We present a polynomial time algorithm to approximately scale tensors of any format to arbitrary prescribed marginals (whenever possible). This unifies and generalizes a sequence of past works on matrix, operator and tensor scaling. Our…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-03-10 Peter Bürgisser , Cole Franks , Ankit Garg , Rafael Oliveira , Michael Walter , Avi Wigderson

In probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA), an observed vector is modeled as a linear transformation of a low-dimensional Gaussian factor plus isotropic noise. We generalize PPCA to tensors by constraining the loading operator to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-23 Yaoming Zhen , Piotr Zwiernik

Developing efficient and guaranteed nonconvex algorithms has been an important challenge in modern machine learning. Algorithms with good empirical performance such as stochastic gradient descent often lack theoretical guarantees. In this…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-15 Anima Anandkumar , Yuan Deng , Rong Ge , Hossein Mobahi

Spectral methods have been the mainstay in several domains such as machine learning and scientific computing. They involve finding a certain kind of spectral decomposition to obtain basis functions that can capture important structures for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Majid Janzamin , Rong Ge , Jean Kossaifi , Anima Anandkumar