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This paper aims to present new alarming trends in the field of child sexual abuse through imagery, as part of SafeLine's research activities in the field of cybercrime, child sexual abuse material and the protection of children's rights to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Emmanouela Kokolaki , Paraskevi Fragopoulou

The development of more powerful Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) has expanded its capabilities and the variety of outputs. This has introduced significant legal challenges, including gray areas in various legal systems, such as…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Anamaria Mojica-Hanke , Thomas Goger , Svenja Wölfel , Brian Valerius , Steffen Herbold

The rapid and wide-scale adoption of AI to generate human speech poses a range of significant ethical and safety risks to society that need to be addressed. For example, a growing number of speech generation incidents are associated with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Wiebke Hutiri , Oresiti Papakyriakopoulos , Alice Xiang

Recent generative AI systems have demonstrated more advanced persuasive capabilities and are increasingly permeating areas of life where they can influence decision-making. Generative AI presents a new risk profile of persuasion due the…

Due to its general-purpose nature, Generative AI is applied in an ever-growing set of domains and tasks, leading to an expanding set of risks of harm impacting people, communities, society, and the environment. These risks may arise due to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Megan Li , Wendy Bickersteth , Ningjing Tang , Jason Hong , Lorrie Cranor , Hong Shen , Hoda Heidari

The democratization of generative AI introduces new forms of human-AI interaction and raises urgent safety, ethical, and cybersecurity concerns. We develop a socio-technical explanation for how generative AI enables and scales cybercrime.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Truong Jack Luu , Binny M. Samuel

We evaluate the effectiveness of filtering child images from training datasets of text-to-image models to prevent model misuse to create child sexual abuse material (CSAM). First, we capture the complexity of preventing CSAM generation…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Ana-Maria Cretu , Klim Kireev , Amro Abdalla , Wisdom Obinna , Raphael Meier , Sarah Adel Bargal , Elissa M. Redmiles , Carmela Troncoso

The evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) has catalyzed a transformation in digital content generation, with profound implications for cyber influence operations. This report delves into the potential and limitations of generative deep…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Melanie Mathys , Marco Willi , Michael Graber , Raphael Meier

In 2022, AI image generators crossed a threshold, enabling much more efficient and dynamic production of photorealistic deepfake images than before. This enabled opportunities for creative and positive uses of these models. However, it also…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Max Kamachee , Stephen Casper , Michelle L. Ding , Rui-Jie Yew , Anka Reuel , Stella Biderman , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

In an era where digital threats are increasingly sophisticated, the intersection of Artificial Intelligence and cybersecurity presents both promising defenses and potent dangers. This paper delves into the escalating threat posed by the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Yusuf Usman , Aadesh Upadhyay , Prashnna Gyawali , Robin Chataut

Following the recent release of various Artificial Intelligence (AI) based Conversation Agents (CAs), adolescents are increasingly using CAs for interactive knowledge discovery on sensitive topics, including mental and sexual health topics.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Jinkyung Park , Vivek Singh , Pamela Wisniewski

"Does generative AI infringe copyright?" is an urgent question. It is also a difficult question, for two reasons. First, "generative AI" is not just one product from one company. It is a catch-all name for a massive ecosystem of loosely…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Katherine Lee , A. Feder Cooper , James Grimmelmann

The widespread use of Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) among teenagers has led to significant misuse and safety concerns. To identify risks and understand parental controls challenges, we conducted a content analysis on Reddit and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Yaman Yu , Tanusree Sharma , Melinda Hu , Justin Wang , Yang Wang

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GAI) systems that can automatically generate content in the form of source code or other contents (e.g., images) has seen increasing popularity due to the emergence of tools such as ChatGPT which rely on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Shin Hwei Tan , Haibo Wang , Heng Li

Child sexual abuse materials (CSAM) pose a significant threat to the safety and well-being of children worldwide. Detecting and preventing the distribution of such materials is a critical task for law enforcement agencies and technology…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Weronika Gutfeter , Joanna Gajewska , Andrzej Pacut

This article explores the ethical problems arising from the use of ChatGPT as a kind of generative AI and suggests responses based on the Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HCAI) framework. The HCAI framework is appropriate because it…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Alejo Jose G. Sison , Marco Tulio Daza , Roberto Gozalo-Brizuela , Eduardo C. Garrido-Merchán

Artificial intelligence (AI) is interacting with people at an unprecedented scale, offering new avenues for immense positive impact, but also raising widespread concerns around the potential for individual and societal harm. Today, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Andrea Bajcsy , Jaime F. Fisac

Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has already had a big impact on computing education with prior research identifying many benefits. However, recent studies have also identified potential risks and harms. To continue maximizing AI…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Seth Bernstein , Ashfin Rahman , Nadia Sharifi , Ariunjargal Terbish , Stephen MacNeil

Current ethical debates on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in health care treat AI as a product of technology in three ways: First, by assessing risks and potential benefits of currently developed AI-enabled products with ethical…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Silke Schicktanz , Johannes Welsch , Mark Schweda , Andreas Hein , Jochem W. Rieger , Thomas Kirste

The evolution of generative AI systems exposes the challenges of traditional legal and ethical frameworks built around consent. This chapter examines how the conventional notion of consent, while fundamental to data protection and privacy…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Giada Pistilli , Bruna Trevelin
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