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Molecular structure elucidation is a fundamental step in understanding chemical phenomena, with applications in identifying molecules in natural products, lab syntheses, forensic samples, and the interstellar medium. We consider the task of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Austin Cheng , Alston Lo , Kin Long Kelvin Lee , Santiago Miret , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

Flow matching has emerged as a simulation-free alternative to diffusion-based generative modeling, producing samples by solving an ODE whose time-dependent velocity field is learned along an interpolation between a simple source…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-10 Shivam Kumar , Yixin Wang , Lizhen Lin

A scalable and robust 3D tissue transcriptomics profile can enable a holistic understanding of tissue organization and provide deeper insights into human biology and disease. Most predictive algorithms that infer ST directly from histology…

The design of \emph{de novo} functional proteins that bind specific ligand molecules is paramount in therapeutics and bio-engineering. A critical yet formidable task in this endeavor is the design of the protein pocket, which is the cavity…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-10-23 Zaixi Zhang , Zepu Lu , Zhongkai Hao , Marinka Zitnik , Qi Liu

Three-dimensional (3D) deep molecular generative models offer the advantage of goal-directed generation based on 3D-dependent properties, such as binding affinity for structure-based design within binding pockets. Traditional benchmarks…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-07-08 Benoit Baillif , Jason Cole , Patrick McCabe , Andreas Bender

The recent breakthrough of AlphaFold3 in modeling complex biomolecular interactions, including those between proteins and ligands, nucleotides, or metal ions, creates new opportunities for protein design. In so-called inverse protein…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-22 Kai Yi , Kiarash Jamali , Sjors H. W. Scheres

Flow-matching models deliver state-of-the-art fidelity in image and video generation, but the inherent sequential denoising process renders them slower. Existing acceleration methods like distillation, trajectory truncation, and consistency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Divya Jyoti Bajpai , Dhruv Bhardwaj , Soumya Roy , Tejas Duseja , Harsh Agarwal , Aashay Sandansing , Manjesh Kumar Hanawal

Central to our understanding of chemical reactivity is the principle of mass conservation, which is fundamental for ensuring physical consistency, balancing equations, and guiding reaction design. However, data-driven computational models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Joonyoung F. Joung , Mun Hong Fong , Nicholas Casetti , Jordan P. Liles , Ne S. Dassanayake , Connor W. Coley

As FMs drive progress toward Artificial General Intelligence (AGI), fine-tuning them under privacy and resource constraints has become increasingly critical particularly when highquality training data resides on distributed edge devices.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Gang Hu , Yinglei Teng , Pengfei Wu , Nan Wang

Proteins in complex with small molecule ligands represent the core of structure-based drug discovery. However, three-dimensional representations are absent from most deep-learning-based generative models. We here present a graph-based…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-04-07 Seung-gu Kang , Jeffrey K. Weber , Joseph A. Morrone , Leili Zhang , Tien Huynh , Wendy D. Cornell

Foundation models have become prominent in computer vision, achieving notable success in various tasks. However, their effectiveness largely depends on pre-training with extensive datasets. Applying foundation models directly to small…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Bowen Zhang , Ying Chen , Long Bai , Yan Zhao , Yuxiang Sun , Yixuan Yuan , Jianhua Zhang , Hongliang Ren

Deep generative models have achieved tremendous success in designing novel drug molecules in recent years. A new thread of works have shown the great potential in advancing the specificity and success rate of in silico drug design by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Xingang Peng , Shitong Luo , Jiaqi Guan , Qi Xie , Jian Peng , Jianzhu Ma

Diffusion models promise efficient parallel text generation but rely on bidirectional attention, creating a structural mismatch with pre-trained Autoregressive (AR) models. This incompatibility precludes reusing robust AR priors,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xiangyu Ma , Teng Xiao , Zuchao Li , Lefei Zhang

Protein backbone generation plays a central role in de novo protein design and is significant for many biological and medical applications. Although diffusion and flow-based generative models provide potential solutions to this challenging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Angxiao Yue , Zichong Wang , Hongteng Xu

De novo molecular design has facilitated the exploration of large chemical space to accelerate drug discovery. Structure-based de novo method can overcome the data scarcity of active ligands by incorporating drug-target interaction into…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2022-09-16 Yaqin Li , Lingli Li , Yongjin Xu , Yi Yu

Under extreme operating conditions, characterized by high particle multiplicity and heavily overlapping shower energy deposits, classical particle flow algorithms encounter pronounced limitations in resolution, efficiency, and accuracy. To…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-05-13 Yu Wang , Yangguang Zhang , Shengxiang Lin , Xingyi Zhang , Han Zhang

Protein folding models have achieved groundbreaking results typically via a combination of integrating domain knowledge into the architectural blocks and training pipelines. Nonetheless, given the success of generative models across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Yuyang Wang , Jiarui Lu , Navdeep Jaitly , Josh Susskind , Miguel Angel Bautista

We present FoundationSLAM, a learning-based monocular dense SLAM system that addresses the absence of geometric consistency in previous flow-based approaches for accurate and robust tracking and mapping. Our core idea is to bridge flow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Yuchen Wu , Jiahe Li , Fabio Tosi , Matteo Poggi , Jin Zheng , Xiao Bai

Linker generation is critical in drug discovery applications such as lead optimization and PROTAC design, where molecular fragments are assembled into diverse drug candidates via molecular linker. Existing methods fall into point cloud-free…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-05-28 Minyeong Hwang , Ziseok Lee , Kwang-Soo Kim , Kyungsu Kim , Eunho Yang

Accurate polyp segmentation remains challenging due to irregular lesion morphologies, ambiguous boundaries, and heterogeneous imaging conditions. While U-Net variants excel at local feature fusion, they often lack explicit mechanisms to…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-27 Pu Wang , Huaizhi Ma , Zhihua Zhang , Zhuoran Zheng