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Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve impressive accuracy on mathematical reasoning benchmarks, yet their performance drops when problems are modified with simple changes like different names or numbers. Code execution methods, which let…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Matthew Kutakh

Large language models (LLMs) perform better when they produce step-by-step, "Chain-of-Thought" (CoT) reasoning before answering a question, but it is unclear if the stated reasoning is a faithful explanation of the model's actual reasoning…

Large language models (LLMs) have shown strong performance across natural language reasoning tasks, yet their reasoning processes remain brittle and difficult to interpret. Prompting techniques like Chain-of-Thought (CoT) enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Samir Abdaljalil , Hasan Kurban , Khalid Qaraqe , Erchin Serpedin

Open-source native GUI agents still lag behind closed-source systems on long-horizon navigation tasks. This gap stems from two limitations: a shortage of high-quality, action-aligned reasoning data, and the direct adoption of generic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Rui Yang , Qianhui Wu , Zhaoyang Wang , Hanyang Chen , Ke Yang , Hao Cheng , Huaxiu Yao , Baolin Peng , Huan Zhang , Jianfeng Gao , Tong Zhang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel at complex visual tasks such as VQA and chart understanding, yet recent work suggests they struggle with simple perceptual tests. We present an evaluation of vision-language models' capacity for nonlocal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Shmuel Berman , Jia Deng

Reasoning Large Multi-modality Models (LMMs) have become the de facto choice for many applications. However, these models rely on a Chain-of-Thought (CoT) process that is lengthy and unpredictable at runtime, often resulting in inefficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Yuedong Yang , Xiwen Wei , Mustafa Munir , Radu Marculescu

Recent reasoning large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable improvements in mathematical reasoning capabilities through long Chain-of-Thought. The reasoning tokens of these models enable self-correction within reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yu Cui , Bryan Hooi , Yujun Cai , Yiwei Wang

We investigate the effectiveness of large language models (LLMs), including reasoning-based and non-reasoning models, in performing zero-shot financial sentiment analysis. Using the Financial PhraseBank dataset annotated by domain experts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Dimitris Vamvourellis , Dhagash Mehta

Large reasoning models (LRMs) sometimes note in their chain of thought (CoT) that they may be under evaluation. Researchers worry that this verbalised evaluation awareness (VEA) causes models to adapt their outputs strategically, optimising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Amelie Knecht , Lucas Florin , Thilo Hagendorff

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models with integrated reasoning have been proposed for end-to-end autonomous driving, assuming a tight coupling between reasoning and trajectory generation. However, the robustness of such systems under…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Mohammadreza Teymoorianfard , Jean-Philippe Monteuuis , Jonathan Petit , Amir Houmansadr

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used for various tasks with graph structures. Though LLMs can process graph information in a textual format, they overlook the rich vision modality, which is an intuitive way for humans to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Yanbin Wei , Shuai Fu , Weisen Jiang , Zejian Zhang , Zhixiong Zeng , Qi Wu , James T. Kwok , Yu Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable results on tasks framed as reasoning problems, yet their true ability to perform procedural reasoning, executing multi-step, rule-based computations remains unclear. Unlike algorithmic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Mahdi Samiei , Mahdi Mansouri , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah

In this study, we are interested in imbuing robots with the capability of physically-grounded task planning. Recent advancements have shown that large language models (LLMs) possess extensive knowledge useful in robotic tasks, especially in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Yingdong Hu , Fanqi Lin , Tong Zhang , Li Yi , Yang Gao

Vision language action (VLA) models enable generalist robotic agents but often exhibit language ignorance, relying on visual shortcuts and remaining insensitive to instruction changes. We present Prospective Grounding and Alignment VLA…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Nastaran Darabi , Amit Ranjan Trivedi

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently demonstrated incredible strides on diverse vision language tasks. We dig into vision-based deductive reasoning, a more sophisticated but less explored realm, and find previously unexposed…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Yizhe Zhang , He Bai , Ruixiang Zhang , Jiatao Gu , Shuangfei Zhai , Josh Susskind , Navdeep Jaitly

Humans can naturally reason from superficial state differences (e.g. ground wetness) to transformations descriptions (e.g. raining) according to their life experience. In this paper, we propose a new visual reasoning task to test this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Wanqing Cui , Xin Hong , Yanyan Lan , Liang Pang , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

Recent advancements in Vision-Language (VL) research have sparked new benchmarks for complex visual reasoning, challenging models' advanced reasoning ability. Traditional Vision-Language Models (VLMs) perform well in visual perception tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Zhiyuan Li , Dongnan Liu , Chaoyi Zhang , Heng Wang , Tengfei Xue , Weidong Cai

Language agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding, reasoning, and executing complex tasks. However, developing robust agents presents significant challenges: substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Qianqian Zhang , Jiajia Liao , Heting Ying , Yibo Ma , Haozhan Shen , Jingcheng Li , Peng Liu , Lu Zhang , Chunxin Fang , Kyusong Lee , Ruochen Xu , Tiancheng Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) show strong reasoning via chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting, but the process is opaque, which makes verification, debugging, and control difficult in high-stakes settings. We present Vis-CoT, a human-in-the-loop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Kaviraj Pather , Elena Hadjigeorgiou , Arben Krasniqi , Claire Schmit , Irina Rusu , Marc Pons , Kabir Khan

Large language models (LLMs) can perform reasoning computations both internally within their latent space and externally by generating explicit token sequences like chains of thought. Significant progress in enhancing reasoning abilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Thilo Hagendorff , Sarah Fabi