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Reinforcement learning algorithms such as the deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm (DDPG) has been widely used in continuous control tasks. However, the model-free DDPG algorithm suffers from high sample complexity. In this paper we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Qingpeng Cai , Ling Pan , Pingzhong Tang

By formulating data samples' formation as a Markov denoising process, diffusion models achieve state-of-the-art performances in a collection of tasks. Recently, many variants of diffusion models have been proposed to enable controlled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Hengtong Zhang , Tingyang Xu

Training-free diffusion guidance offers a flexible framework for leveraging off-the-shelf classifiers without additional training. Yet, current approaches hinge on posterior approximations via Tweedie's formula, which often yield unreliable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Van Khoa Nguyen , Lionel Blondé , Alexandros Kalousis

Classifier-free guidance (CFG) is an essential mechanism in contemporary text-driven diffusion models. In practice, in controlling the impact of guidance we can see the trade-off between the quality of the generated images and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Dawid Malarz , Artur Kasymov , Maciej Zięba , Jacek Tabor , Przemysław Spurek

Distributed reinforcement learning trains on data from stale, buggy, or mismatched actors, producing actions with high surprisal (negative log-probability) under the learner's policy. The core difficulty is not surprising data per se, but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Ian Osband

Many complex domains, such as robotics control and real-time strategy (RTS) games, require an agent to learn a continuous control. In the former, an agent learns a policy over $\mathbb{R}^d$ and in the latter, over a discrete set of actions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Carson Eisenach , Haichuan Yang , Ji Liu , Han Liu

Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG), which combines the conditional and unconditional score functions with two coefficients summing to one, serves as a practical technique for diffusion model sampling. Theoretically, however, denoising with CFG…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Mengfei Xia , Nan Xue , Yujun Shen , Ran Yi , Tieliang Gong , Yong-Jin Liu

Diffusion models have emerged as a pivotal advancement in generative models, setting new standards to the quality of the generated instances. In the current paper we aim to underscore a discrepancy between conventional training methods and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-03 Niket Patel , Luis Salamanca , Luis Barba

Current language models demonstrate remarkable proficiency in text generation. However, for many applications it is desirable to control attributes, such as sentiment, or toxicity, of the generated language -- ideally tailored towards each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Justin Lovelace , Varsha Kishore , Yiwei Chen , Kilian Q. Weinberger

While classifier-free guidance (CFG) is essential for conditional diffusion models, it doubles the number of neural function evaluations (NFEs) per inference step. To mitigate this inefficiency, we introduce adapter guidance distillation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Cristian Perez Jensen , Seyedmorteza Sadat

Classifier-free guidance (CFG) is a key technique for improving conditional generation in diffusion models, enabling more accurate control while enhancing sample quality. It is natural to extend this technique to video diffusion, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Kiwhan Song , Boyuan Chen , Max Simchowitz , Yilun Du , Russ Tedrake , Vincent Sitzmann

Direct policy search serves as one of the workhorses in modern reinforcement learning (RL), and its applications in continuous control tasks have recently attracted increasing attention. In this work, we investigate the convergence theory…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-01-03 Kaiqing Zhang , Xiangyuan Zhang , Bin Hu , Tamer Başar

Given an unconditional generative model and a predictor for a target property (e.g., a classifier), the goal of training-free guidance is to generate samples with desirable target properties without additional training. As a highly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Haowei Lin , Shanda Li , Haotian Ye , Yiming Yang , Stefano Ermon , Yitao Liang , Jianzhu Ma

Classifier-free guidance (CFG) is crucial for improving both generation quality and alignment between the input condition and final output in diffusion models. While a high guidance scale is generally required to enhance these aspects, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Seyedmorteza Sadat , Otmar Hilliges , Romann M. Weber

Deep generative models, such as generative adversarial networks and diffusion models, have recently emerged as powerful tools for planning tasks and behavior synthesis in autonomous systems. Various guidance strategies have been introduced…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Francesco Giacomarra , Mehran Hosseini , Nicola Paoletti , Francesca Cairoli

Guidance is a cornerstone of modern diffusion models, playing a pivotal role in conditional generation and enhancing the quality of unconditional samples. However, current approaches to guidance scheduling--determining the appropriate…

In this paper, we investigate a model-free optimal control design that minimizes an infinite horizon average expected quadratic cost of states and control actions subject to a probabilistic risk or chance constraint using input-output data.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-11 Arunava Naha , Subhrakanti Dey

Guidance techniques are commonly used in diffusion and flow models to improve image quality and input consistency for conditional generative tasks such as class-conditional and text-to-image generation. In particular, classifier-free…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Tariq Berrada Ifriqi , Adriana Romero-Soriano , Michal Drozdzal , Jakob Verbeek , Karteek Alahari

We propose a new way of deriving policy gradient updates for reinforcement learning. Our technique, based on Fourier analysis, recasts integrals that arise with expected policy gradients as convolutions and turns them into multiplications.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Matthew Fellows , Kamil Ciosek , Shimon Whiteson

Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating high-quality samples and enhancing performance across diverse domains through Classifier-Free Guidance (CFG). However, the quality of generated samples is highly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Ao Chen , Lihe Ding , Tianfan Xue
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