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In this paper we broadly consider techniques which utilize projections on rays for data collection, with particular emphasis on optical techniques. We formulate a variety of imaging techniques as either special cases or extensions of…
Image based diagnostics are interpreted in the context of spatial resolution. The same is true for tomographic image reconstruction. Current empirically driven approaches to quantify spatial resolution rely on a deterministic formulation…
Phase retrieval is the problem of reconstructing images from magnitude-only measurements. In many real-world applications the problem is underdetermined. When training data is available, generative models allow optimization in a…
Optical interferometers provide multiple wavelength measurements. In order to fully exploit the spectral and spatial resolution of these instruments, new algorithms for image reconstruction have to be developed. Early attempts to deal with…
Image reconstruction in X ray tomography consists in determining an object from its projections. In many applications such as non destructive testing, we look for an image who has a constant value inside a region (default) and another…
Estimation of an optical beam's transverse displacement is a canonical imaging problem fundamental to numerous optical imaging and sensing tasks. Quantum enhancements to the measurement precision in this problem have been studied…
Radiography is widely used in orthopedics for its affordability and low radiation exposure. 3D reconstruction from a single radiograph, so-called 2D-3D reconstruction, offers the possibility of various clinical applications, but achieving…
New lensless diffractive X-ray technic for micro-scale imaging of biological tissue is based on quantitative phase retrieval schemes. By incorporating refraction, this method yields improved contrast compared to purely absorption-based…
In Part I of this paper, we proposed and analyzed a novel algorithmic framework for the minimization of a nonconvex (smooth) objective function, subject to nonconvex constraints, based on inner convex approximations. This Part II is devoted…
Inverse problems in imaging are typically ill-posed and are usually solved by employing regularized optimization techniques. The usage of appropriate constraints can restrict the solution space, thus making it feasible for a reconstruction…
Beamforming in ultrasound imaging has significant impact on the quality of the final image, controlling its resolution and contrast. Despite its low spatial resolution and contrast, delay-and-sum is still extensively used nowadays in…
In optical tomography a physical body is illuminated with near-infrared light and the resulting outward photon flux is measured at the object boundary. The goal is to reconstruct internal optical properties of the body, such as absorption…
Talbot-Lau X-ray phase-contrast imaging is a novel imaging modality, which provides not only an X-ray absorption image, but also additionally a differential phase image and a dark-field image. The dark-field image is related to small angle…
The design of the camera and optical measurement is a crucial part of optimizing machine vision systems. However, camera designs are usually optimized to produce human-interpretable images. Moreover, camera optimization typically makes the…
Active stereo technique using single pattern projection, a.k.a. one-shot 3D scan, have drawn a wide attention from industry, medical purposes, etc. One severe drawback of one-shot 3D scan is sparse reconstruction. In addition, since spatial…
A new statistical model designed for regression analysis with a sparse design matrix is proposed. This new model utilizes the positions of the limited non-zero elements in the design matrix to decompose the regression model into…
Super-resolution imaging aims at improving the resolution of an image by enhancing it with other images or data that might have been acquired using different imaging techniques or modalities. In this paper we consider the task of doubling,…
We introduce a new X-ray imaging technique to facilitate propagation-based phase contrast of large, centimeter-sized samples. The diffracted X-ray wavefield behind the sample is demagnified by asymmetric Bragg crystal optics, thereby…
Phase-contrast X-ray imaging can improve the visibility of weakly absorbing objects (e.g. soft tissues) by an order of magnitude or more compared to conventional radiographs. Previously, it has been shown that combining phase retrieval with…
Denoising diffusion models have recently achieved state-of-the-art performance in many image-generation tasks. They do, however, require a large amount of computational resources. This limits their application to medical tasks, where we…