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Traditional information retrieval is primarily concerned with finding relevant information from large datasets without imposing a structure within the retrieved pieces of data. However, structuring information in the form of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Fausto German , Brian Keith , Chris North

Requirements identification in textual documents or extraction is a tedious and error prone task that many researchers suggest automating. We manually annotated the PURE dataset and thus created a new one containing both requirements and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Vladimir Ivanov , Andrey Sadovykh , Alexandr Naumchev , Alessandra Bagnato , Kirill Yakovlev

Extracting structured information from scientific literature is critical for accelerating discovery, yet Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle in specialized domains that require expert knowledge and generalize poorly across tasks. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Tek Raj Chhetri , Yibei Chen , Puja Trivedi , Dorota Jarecka , Saif Haobsh , Patrick Ray , Lydia Ng , Satrajit S. Ghosh

Web pages are a valuable source of information for many natural language processing and information retrieval tasks. Extracting the main content from those documents is essential for the performance of derived applications. To address this…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Thijs Vogels , Octavian-Eugen Ganea , Carsten Eickhoff

Existing approaches for low-resource text summarization primarily employ large language models (LLMs) like GPT-3 or GPT-4 at inference time to generate summaries directly; however, such approaches often suffer from inconsistent LLM outputs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Gaurav Sahu , Olga Vechtomova , Issam H. Laradji

Information extraction tasks such as event extraction require an in-depth understanding of the output structure and sub-task dependencies. They heavily rely on task-specific training data in the form of (passage, target structure) pairs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Mingyu Derek Ma , Xiaoxuan Wang , Po-Nien Kung , P. Jeffrey Brantingham , Nanyun Peng , Wei Wang

Successful Artificial Intelligence systems often require numerous labeled data to extract information from document images. In this paper, we investigate the problem of improving the performance of Artificial Intelligence systems in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Bao-Sinh Nguyen , Dung Tien Le , Hieu M. Vu , Tuan Anh D. Nguyen , Minh-Tien Nguyen , Hung Le

Large language models (LLMs) that have been trained on a corpus that includes large amount of code exhibit a remarkable ability to understand HTML code. As web interfaces are primarily constructed using HTML, we design an in-depth study to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Faria Huq , Jeffrey P. Bigham , Nikolas Martelaro

Most of the existing information extraction frameworks (Wadden et al., 2019; Veysehet al., 2020) focus on sentence-level tasks and are hardly able to capture the consolidated information from a given document. In our endeavour to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Debanjana Kar , Sudeshna Sarkar , Pawan Goyal

Recent advances in machine learning have significantly impacted the field of information extraction, with Language Models (LMs) playing a pivotal role in extracting structured information from unstructured text. Prior works typically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Haolun Wu , Ye Yuan , Liana Mikaelyan , Alexander Meulemans , Xue Liu , James Hensman , Bhaskar Mitra

As online tracking continues to grow, existing anti-tracking and fingerprinting detection techniques that require significant manual input must be augmented. Heuristic approaches to fingerprinting detection are precise but must be carefully…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Sarah Bird , Vikas Mishra , Steven Englehardt , Rob Willoughby , David Zeber , Walter Rudametkin , Martin Lopatka

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) models are able to capture the semantic relationship of images and texts and have enabled a wide range of applications, from image retrieval to classification. These models are trained with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Calvin Metzger

Generating long, coherent text remains a challenge for large language models (LLMs), as they lack hierarchical planning and structured organization in discourse generation. We introduce Structural Alignment, a novel method that aligns LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Zae Myung Kim , Anand Ramachandran , Farideh Tavazoee , Joo-Kyung Kim , Oleg Rokhlenko , Dongyeop Kang

Extracting structured information from text, such as key-value pairs that could augment tabular data, is quite useful in many enterprise use cases. Although large language models (LLMs) have enabled numerous automated pipelines for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Satyananda Kashyap , Sola Shirai , Nandana Mihindukulasooriya , Horst Samulowitz

Web search is an essential way for humans to obtain information, but it's still a great challenge for machines to understand the contents of web pages. In this paper, we introduce the task of structural reading comprehension (SRC) on web.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Xingyu Chen , Zihan Zhao , Lu Chen , Danyang Zhang , Jiabao Ji , Ao Luo , Yuxuan Xiong , Kai Yu

High-quality main content extraction from web pages is a critical prerequisite for constructing large-scale training corpora. While traditional heuristic extractors are efficient, they lack the semantic reasoning required to handle the…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable advances in reasoning capabilities. However, their performance remains constrained by limited access to explicit and structured domain knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Junlin Wu , Xianrui Zhong , Jiashuo Sun , Bolian Li , Bowen Jin , Jiawei Han , Qingkai Zeng

Software developers have benefited from various sources of knowledge such as forums, question-and-answer sites, and social media platforms to help them in various tasks. Extracting software-related knowledge from different platforms…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-11-01 Agus Sulistya , Gede Artha Azriadi Prana , Abhishek Sharma , David Lo , Christoph Treude

In this paper we compare the performance characteristics of our selection based learning algorithm for Web crawlers with the characteristics of the reinforcement learning algorithm. The task of the crawlers is to find new information on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Zs. Palotai , Cs. Farkas , A. Lorincz

In long structured document retrieval, existing methods typically fine-tune pre-trained language models (PLMs) using contrastive learning on datasets lacking explicit structural information. This practice suffers from two critical issues:…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Xinhao Huang , Zhibo Ren , Yipeng Yu , Ying Zhou , Zulong Chen , Zeyi Wen
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