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Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a promising phishing detection mechanism, addressing the limitations of traditional deep learning-based detectors, including poor generalization to previously unseen websites and a lack of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Fujiao Ji , Doowon Kim

In our research, we introduce a new concept called "LLM Augmented Pentesting" demonstrated with a tool named "Pentest Copilot," that revolutionizes the field of ethical hacking by integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) into penetration…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Dhruva Goyal , Sitaraman Subramanian , Aditya Peela , Nisha P. Shetty

Detecting text generated by large language models (LLMs) is of great recent interest. With zero-shot methods like DetectGPT, detection capabilities have reached impressive levels. However, the reliability of existing detectors in real-world…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Junchao Wu , Runzhe Zhan , Derek F. Wong , Shu Yang , Xinyi Yang , Yulin Yuan , Lidia S. Chao

In this paper, we explore the feasibility of leveraging large language models (LLMs) to automate or otherwise assist human raters with identifying harmful content including hate speech, harassment, violent extremism, and election…

The rising use of Large Language Models (LLMs) to create and disseminate malware poses a significant cybersecurity challenge due to their ability to generate and distribute attacks with ease. A single prompt can initiate a wide array of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Jamal Al-Karaki , Muhammad Al-Zafar Khan , Marwan Omar

Objective: This study aims to summarize the usage of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the process of creating a scientific review. We look at the range of stages in a review that can be automated and assess the current state-of-the-art…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Dmitry Scherbakov , Nina Hubig , Vinita Jansari , Alexander Bakumenko , Leslie A. Lenert

Propaganda detection on social media remains challenging due to task complexity and limited high-quality labeled data. This paper introduces a novel framework that combines human expertise with Large Language Model (LLM) assistance to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Ariana Sahitaj , Premtim Sahitaj , Veronika Solopova , Jiaao Li , Sebastian Möller , Vera Schmitt

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely applied across various domains due to their powerful text generation capabilities. While LLM-generated texts often resemble human-written ones, their misuse can lead to significant societal risks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zhuoshang Wang , Yubing Ren , Guoyu Zhao , Xiaowei Zhu , Hao Li , Yanan Cao

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have emerged with astonishing capabilities approaching artificial general intelligence. While providing convenience for various societal needs, LLMs have also lowered the cost of generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Zhenhua Wang , Wei Xie , Kai Chen , Baosheng Wang , Zhiwen Gui , Enze Wang

The increasing digitization of smart grids has improved operational efficiency but also introduced new cybersecurity vulnerabilities, such as False Data Injection Attacks (FDIAs) targeting Automatic Generation Control (AGC) systems. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Muhammad Sharshar , Ahmad Mohammad Saber , Davor Svetinovic , Amr M. Youssef , Deepa Kundur , Ehab F. El-Saadany

Peer review is a critical process for ensuring the integrity of published scientific research. Confidence in this process is predicated on the assumption that experts in the relevant domain give careful consideration to the merits of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Sungduk Yu , Man Luo , Avinash Madasu , Vasudev Lal , Phillip Howard

In recent years, code intelligence has gained increasing importance in the field of automated software engineering. Meanwhile, the widespread adoption of Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) and Large Language Models (LLMs) has raised concerns…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zhen Yang , Hongyi Lin , Yifan He , Junqi Wang , Zeyu Sun , Shuo Liu , Jie Xu , Pengpeng Wang , Zhongxing Yu , Qingyuan Liang

Malicious URLs pose significant security risks as they facilitate phishing attacks, distribute malware, and empower attackers to deface websites. Blacklist detection methods fail to identify new or obfuscated URLs because they depend on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Md. Ifthekhar Hossain , Kazi Abdullah Al Arafat , Bryce Shepard , Kayd Craig , Imtiaz Parvez

Large language models (LLMs) are being increasingly tuned to power complex generation tasks such as writing, fact-seeking, querying and reasoning. Traditionally, human or model feedback for evaluating and further tuning LLM performance has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Yukti Makhija , Priyanka Agrawal , Rishi Saket , Aravindan Raghuveer

This research introduces a novel approach to textual and multimodal Hate Speech Detection (HSD), using Large Language Models (LLMs) as dynamic knowledge bases to generate background context and incorporate it into the input of HSD…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Joshua Wolfe Brook , Ilia Markov

With the rapid growth of e-commerce, online payment fraud has become increasingly complex, posing serious threats to financial security and consumer trust. Traditional detection methods often struggle to capture the intricate relational…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-15 RuiHan Luo , Nanxi Wang , Xiaotong Zhu

Spear-phishing attacks present a significant security challenge, with large language models (LLMs) escalating the threat by generating convincing emails and facilitating target reconnaissance. To address this, we propose a detection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Daniel Nahmias , Gal Engelberg , Dan Klein , Asaf Shabtai

The remarkable capabilities and easy accessibility of large language models (LLMs) have significantly increased societal risks (e.g., fake news generation), necessitating the development of LLM-generated text (LGT) detection methods for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-08 Hyunseok Lee , Jihoon Tack , Jinwoo Shin

The innovative GNN-CL model proposed in this paper marks a breakthrough in the field of financial fraud detection by synergistically combining the advantages of graph neural networks (gnn), convolutional neural networks (cnn) and long…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Yu Cheng , Junjie Guo , Shiqing Long , You Wu , Mengfang Sun , Rong Zhang

The potential of artificial intelligence (AI)-based large language models (LLMs) holds considerable promise in revolutionizing education, research, and practice. However, distinguishing between human-written and AI-generated text has become…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Kadhim Hayawi , Sakib Shahriar , Sujith Samuel Mathew