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AI-driven chatbots such as ChatGPT have caused a tremendous hype lately. For BPM applications, several applications for AI-driven chatbots have been identified to be promising to generate business value, including explanation of process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Nataliia Klievtsova , Janik-Vasily Benzin , Timotheus Kampik , Juergen Mangler , Stefanie Rinderle-Ma

Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) is a state-of-the-art machine learning model capable of generating human-like text through natural language processing (NLP). GPT is trained on massive amounts of text data and uses deep learning…

With the rise of large language models, the paradigm of training foundation models with massive parameter counts on vast datasets has been adopted in multiple domains to achieve remarkable success. Time series foundation models represent a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Yi Xie , Yun Xiong , Zejian Shi , Hao Niu , Zhengfu Liu

Data augmentation is gaining importance across various aspects of time series analysis, from forecasting to classification and anomaly detection tasks. We introduce the Latent Generative Transformer Augmentation (L-GTA) model, a generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Luis Roque , Carlos Soares , Vitor Cerqueira , Luis Torgo

Discrete automated processes in industrial and cyber-physical systems often exhibit a repetitive structure in which successive repetitions follow a common trajectory while differing in duration, amplitude, and fine-scale dynamics. Such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-14 Elias Reich , Saverio Messineo , Stefan Huber

Foundation models are transformative in artificial intelligence, but building them from scratch, especially for mobility trajectories, is not yet clear or documented. This tutorial bridges this gap by demonstrating the steps and code of a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Gaspard Merten , Mahmoud Sakr , Gilles Dejaegere

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has demonstrated unprecedented performance across various domains, and its application to communication systems is an active area of research. While current methods focus on task-specific solutions, the broader…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Davide Buffelli , Sowmen Das , Yu-Wei Lin , Sattar Vakili , Chien-Yi Wang , Masoud Attarifar , Pritthijit Nath , Da-shan Shiu

Time Series Foundation Models (TSFMs) advance generalization and data efficiency in time series forecasting by unified large-scale pretraining. But TSFMs remain lacking when adapting to specific downstream forecasting tasks for two reasons.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-04 Siyang Li , Yize Chen , Zijie Zhu , Yuxin Pan , Yan Guo , Ming Huang , Hui Xiong

Accurately predicting smartphone app usage is challenging due to the sparsity and irregularity of user behavior, especially under cold-start and low-activity conditions. Existing approaches mostly rely on static or attention-only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Longlong Li , Cunquan Qu , Guanghui Wang

Deep learning has contributed remarkably to the advancement of time series analysis. Still, deep models can encounter performance bottlenecks in real-world data-scarce scenarios, which can be concealed due to the performance saturation with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Yong Liu , Haoran Zhang , Chenyu Li , Xiangdong Huang , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

The ubiquity of time series data creates a strong demand for general-purpose foundation models, yet developing them for classification remains a significant challenge, largely due to the high cost of labeled data. Foundation models capable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Chin-Chia Michael Yeh , Uday Singh Saini , Junpeng Wang , Xin Dai , Xiran Fan , Jiarui Sun , Yujie Fan , Yan Zheng

Industrial Multivariate Time Series (MTS) is a critical view of the industrial field for people to understand the state of machines. However, due to data collection difficulty and privacy concerns, available data for building industrial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Lei Ren , Haiteng Wang , Yuanjun Laili

The Probabilistic Transformer (PT) establishes that the Transformer's self-attention plus its feed-forward block is mathematically equivalent to Mean-Field Variational Inference (MFVI) on a Conditional Random Field (CRF). Under this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Zhangzhi Xiong , Haoyi Wu , You Wu , Shuqi Gu , Kan Ren , Kewei Tu

Foundation models have had a big impact in recent years and billions of dollars are being invested in them in the current AI boom. The more popular ones, such as Chat-GPT, are trained on large amounts of Internet data. However, it is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Dionis Barcari , David Gamez , Aliya Grig

In this paper, we explore the application of Gaussian Processes (GPs) for predicting mean-reverting time series with an underlying structure, using relatively unexplored functional and augmented data structures. While many conventional…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-03-05 Narayan Tondapu

Motivated by the recent success of time-series foundation models for zero-shot forecasting, we present a methodology for $\textit{in-context fine-tuning}$ of a time-series foundation model. In particular, we design a pretrained foundation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Abhimanyu Das , Matthew Faw , Rajat Sen , Yichen Zhou

Forecasting the behaviour of complex dynamical systems such as interconnected sensor networks characterized by high-dimensional multivariate time series(MTS) is of paramount importance for making informed decisions and planning for the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Sagar Srinivas Sakhinana , Shivam Gupta , Krishna Sai Sudhir Aripirala , Venkataramana Runkana

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) models such as OpenAI's ChatGPT have the potential to revolutionize Statistical Process Control (SPC) practice, learning, and research. However, these tools are in the early stages of development and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-19 Fadel M. Megahed , Ying-Ju Chen , Joshua A. Ferris , Sven Knoth , L. Allison Jones-Farmer

The release of ChatGPT, Gemini, and other large language model has drawn huge interests on foundations models. There is a broad consensus that foundations models will be the fundamental building blocks for future AI systems. However, there…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Qinghua Lu , Liming Zhu , Xiwei Xu , Zhenchang Xing , Jon Whittle

Deep learning (DL) approaches are being increasingly used for time-series forecasting, with many efforts devoted to designing complex DL models. Recent studies have shown that the DL success is often attributed to effective data…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Jianing Hao , Qing Shi , Yilin Ye , Wei Zeng