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Extreme events and the heavy tail distributions driven by them are ubiquitous in various scientific, engineering and financial research. They are typically associated with stochastic instability caused by hidden unresolved processes.…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-05-22 Andrew J. Majda , Xin T. Tong

In this paper, we investigate the extreme-value methodology, to propose an improved estimator of the conditional tail expectation ($CTE$) for a loss distribution with a finite mean but infinite variance. The present work introduces a new…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-02-11 Mohamed Laidi , Abdelaziz Rassoul , Hamid Ould Rouis

A network evolution with predicted tail and extremal indices of PageRank and the Max-Linear Model used as node influence indices in random graphs is considered. The tail index shows a heaviness of the distribution tail. The extremal index…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-28 Natalia Markovich

Determining the causes of extreme events is a fundamental question in many scientific fields. An important aspect when modelling multivariate extremes is the tail dependence. In application, the extreme dependence structure may…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-21 Juraj Bodik , Linda Mhalla , Valérie Chavez-Demoulin

Causal discovery in multivariate extremes is challenging because extreme observations are sparse, dependent, and often affected by latent common shocks. Existing approaches focus on undirected extremal dependence, require prior graph…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-24 Mengran Li , Daniela Castro-Camilo

We formulate a uniform tail bound for empirical processes indexed by a class of functions, in terms of the individual deviations of the functions rather than the worst-case deviation in the considered class. The tail bound is established by…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-27 Sohail Bahmani

In this paper we consider the semi-parametric estimation of extreme quantiles of a right heavy-tail model. We propose a new Log Probability Weighted Moment estimator for extreme quantiles, which is obtained from the estimators of the shape…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-01-16 Frederico Caeiro , Dora Prata Gomes

In this paper, we prove exponential tail bounds for canonical (or degenerate) $U$-statistics and $U$-processes under exponential-type tail assumptions on the kernels. Most of the existing results in the relevant literature often assume…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Abhishek Chakrabortty , Arun K. Kuchibhotla

In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating an extreme quantile of a Weibull tail-distribution. The new extreme quantile estimator has a reduced bias compared to the more classical ones proposed in the literature. It is based on an…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-04-01 Jean Diebolt , Laurent Gardes , Stéphane Girard , Armelle Guillou

Probabilistic forecasts comprehensively describe the uncertainty in the unknown future outcome, making them essential for decision making and risk management. While several methods have been introduced to evaluate probabilistic forecasts,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-23 Sam Allen , Jonathan Koh , Johan Segers , Johanna Ziegel

This work derives extremal tail bounds for the Gaussian trace estimator applied to a real symmetric matrix. We define a partial ordering on the eigenvalues, so that when a matrix has greater spectrum under this ordering, its estimator will…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-11-26 Eric Hallman

Confounding variables are a recurrent challenge for causal discovery and inference. In many situations, complex causal mechanisms only manifest themselves in extreme events, or take simpler forms in the extremes. Stimulated by data on…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-14 Olivier C. Pasche , Valérie Chavez-Demoulin , Anthony C. Davison

Using the framework of factor models, we establish the general expression of the coefficient of tail dependence between the market and a stock (i.e., the probability that the stock incurs a large loss, assuming that the market has also…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-12-10 Y. Malevergne , D. Sornette

We develop an extreme value framework for CoVaR centered on $v(q \mid p ; C)$, the copula-adjusted probability level, or equivalently, the CoVaR on the uniform (0,1) scale. We characterize the possible tail regimes of $v(q \mid p ; C)$…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-31 Xiaoting Li , Harry Joe

The task for a general and useful classification of the tail behaviors of probability distributions still has no satisfactory solution. Due to lack of information outside the range of the data the tails of the distribution should be…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-07-23 Pavlina Jordanova

Extreme events are often multivariate in nature. A compound extreme occurs when a combination of variables jointly produces a significant impact, even if individual components are not necessarily marginally extreme. Compound extremes have…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-24 Cathy Yin , Adam M. Sykulski , Almut E. D. Veraart

Extreme quantile regression provides estimates of conditional quantiles outside the range of the data. Classical quantile regression performs poorly in such cases since data in the tail region are too scarce. Extreme value theory is used…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-12-22 Jasper Velthoen , Clément Dombry , Juan-Juan Cai , Sebastian Engelke

Estimation of extreme conditional quantiles is often required for risk assessment of natural hazards in climate and geo-environmental sciences and for quantitative risk management in statistical finance, econometrics, and actuarial…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-16 Jordan Richards , Raphaël Huser

We develop an asymptotic theory for extremes in decomposable graphical models by presenting results applicable to a range of extremal dependence types. Specifically, we investigate the weak limit of the distribution of suitably normalised…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-13 Adrian Casey , Ioannis Papastathopoulos

We investigate a way of comparing and classifying tails of random variables. Our approach extends the notion of classical indices, such as exponential and moment indices, which are widely used measuring heaviness of tail functions. A…

Probability · Mathematics 2013-10-07 Jaakko Lehtomaa