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This study investigates the use of generative AI and multi-agent systems to provide automatic feedback in educational contexts, particularly for student constructed responses in science assessments. The research addresses a key gap in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Shuchen Guo , Ehsan Latif , Yifan Zhou , Xuan Huang , Xiaoming Zhai

AI agents are increasingly used to solve complex, multi-step tasks, but existing multi-agent frameworks remain brittle as workflows grow in scale and depth. Small errors at intermediate stages can propagate through agent interactions, while…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Andy Xu , Yu-Wing Tai

Recommender systems that learn from implicit feedback often use large volumes of a single type of implicit user feedback, such as clicks, to enhance the prediction of sparse target behavior such as purchases. Using multiple types of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-10 Xin Xin , Xiangyuan Liu , Hanbing Wang , Pengjie Ren , Zhumin Chen , Jiahuan Lei , Xinlei Shi , Hengliang Luo , Joemon Jose , Maarten de Rijke , Zhaochun Ren

Extractive reading comprehension systems are designed to locate the correct answer to a question within a given text. However, a persistent challenge lies in ensuring these models maintain high accuracy in answering questions while reliably…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Qian-Wen Zhang , Fang Li , Jie Wang , Lingfeng Qiao , Yifei Yu , Di Yin , Xing Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in generating human-like responses. However, their lack of domain-specific knowledge limits their applicability in healthcare settings, where contextual and comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Subash Neupane , Shaswata Mitra , Sudip Mittal , Noorbakhsh Amiri Golilarz , Shahram Rahimi , Amin Amirlatifi

Accurate evaluation of conversational retrieval is pivotal for advancing Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems. However, existing conversational retrieval benchmarks suffer from costly, sparse human annotation or rigid, unnatural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Junhao Ruan , Abudukeyumu Abudula , Bei Li , Yongjing Yin , Xinyu Liu , Kechen Jiao , Xin Chen , Jingang Wang , Xunliang Cai , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

Small LLMs often struggle to match the agentic capabilities of large, costly models. While reinforcement learning can help, progress has been limited by two structural bottlenecks: existing open-source agentic training data are narrow in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Yuanjie Lyu , Chengyu Wang , Lei Shen , Jun Huang , Tong Xu

Large language models (LLMs) excel at capturing semantic nuances and therefore show impressive relevance ranking performance in modern recommendation and search systems. However, they suffer from high computational overhead under industrial…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in settings where the available context is incomplete or degraded. We argue that an LLM generating answers under incomplete context can be viewed as an implicit imputer, and evaluated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-14 Stef van Buuren

Recently, Meta-Black-Box Optimization with Reinforcement Learning (MetaBBO-RL) has showcased the power of leveraging RL at the meta-level to mitigate manual fine-tuning of low-level black-box optimizers. However, this field is hindered by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Zeyuan Ma , Hongshu Guo , Jiacheng Chen , Zhenrui Li , Guojun Peng , Yue-Jiao Gong , Yining Ma , Zhiguang Cao

AI-mediated communication enables users to communicate more quickly and efficiently. Various systems have been proposed such as smart reply and AI-assisted writing. Yet, the heterogeneity of the forms of inputs and architectures often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Benjamin Towle , Ke Zhou

In this paper, we have defined a novel task of affective feedback synthesis that deals with generating feedback for input text & corresponding image in a similar way as humans respond towards the multimodal data. A feedback synthesis system…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Puneet Kumar , Gaurav Bhat , Omkar Ingle , Daksh Goyal , Balasubramanian Raman

In web data, advertising images are crucial for capturing user attention and improving advertising effectiveness. Most existing methods generate background for products primarily focus on the aesthetic quality, which may fail to achieve…

Agentic reasoning enables large reasoning models (LRMs) to dynamically acquire external knowledge, but yet optimizing the retrieval process remains challenging due to the lack of dense, principled reward signals. In this paper, we introduce…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Senkang Hu , Yong Dai , Yuzhi Zhao , Yihang Tao , Yu Guo , Zhengru Fang , Sam Tak Wu Kwong , Yuguang Fang

Recent attempts to integrate large language models (LLMs) into recommender systems have gained momentum, but most remain limited to simple text generation or static prompt-based inference, failing to capture the complexity of user…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Jiin Park , Misuk Kim

Search-based recommendation is one of the most critical application scenarios in e-commerce platforms. Users' complex search contexts--such as spatiotemporal factors, historical interactions, and current query's information--constitute an…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Zhiding Liu , Ben Chen , Mingyue Cheng , Enhong Chen , Li Li , Chenyi Lei , Wenwu Ou , Han Li , Kun Gai

Modern natural language generation systems with Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit the capability to generate a plausible summary of multiple documents; however, it is uncertain if they truly possess the capability of information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Miao Li , Jey Han Lau , Eduard Hovy

We demonstrate that LLMs may learn indicators of document usefulness and modulate their updates accordingly. We introduce random strings ("tags") as indicators of usefulness in a synthetic fine-tuning dataset. Fine-tuning on this dataset…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Dmitrii Krasheninnikov , Egor Krasheninnikov , Bruno Mlodozeniec , Tegan Maharaj , David Krueger

We study the problem of generating inferential texts of events for a variety of commonsense like \textit{if-else} relations. Existing approaches typically use limited evidence from training examples and learn for each relation individually.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Daya Guo , Akari Asai , Duyu Tang , Nan Duan , Ming Gong , Linjun Shou , Daxin Jiang , Jian Yin , Ming Zhou

Online recruitment platforms require recommendation methods capable of retrieving relevant job opportunities from large and heterogeneous collections of job postings. Keyword-based search is efficient and interpretable, but it may fail to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Hussein Al Awad , Khaled Fathi Omar