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The integration of Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) with Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations into 5G and Beyond is essential to achieve truly global connectivity. A distinctive characteristic of LEO mega constellations is that…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Israel Leyva-Mayorga , Fabio Saggese , Lintao Li , Petar Popovski

This paper investigates the downlink (DL) transmit design for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite communication systems, where only the slow-varying statistical channel state information is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-01 Ke-Xin Li , Li You , Jiaheng Wang , Xiqi Gao , Christos G. Tsinos , Symeon Chatzinotas , Björn Ottersten

To model existing or future low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks leveraging multiple constellations, we propose a simple analytical approach to represent the clustering of satellites on orbits. More precisely, we develop a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-24 Chang-Sik Choi , François Baccelli

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) Satellite Network (SatNet) with their mega-constellations are expected to play a key role in providing ubiquitous Internet and communications services in the future. LEO SatNets will provide wide-area coverage and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Tasneem Darwish , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Halim Yanikomeroglu , Michel Bellemare , Guillaume Lamontagne

The low earth orbit (LEO) satellite network is undergoing rapid development with the maturing of satellite communications and rocket launch technologies, and the demand for a global coverage network. However, current satellite communication…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Zhuoao Xu , Gaojie Chen , Ryan Fernandez , Yue Gao , Rahim Tafazolli

Nowadays, the increasing deployment of edge clouds globally provides users with low-latency services. However, connecting an edge cloud to a core cloud via optic cables in terrestrial networks poses significant barriers due to the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Zhiyuan Zhao , Zhe Chen , Zheng Lin , Wenjun Zhu , Kun Qiu , Chaoqun You , Yue Gao

Large networks of Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites are being built using inter-satellite lasers. These networks promise to offer low-latency wide-area connectivity, but reliably routing such traffic is difficult, as satellites are very…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Stefano Vissicchio , Mark Handley

This paper proposes a robust resource allocation framework for a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite-enabled simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system, assisted by a ground-deployed simultaneously transmitting and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Zahra Rostamikafaki , Francois Chan , Claude D'Amours

Networked low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite constellations enabled by inter-satellite links offer a promising path toward ubiquitous broadband non-terrestrial services. However, fast orbital motion induces frequent scheduling updates and…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Yuchen Zhang , Eva Lagunas , Symeon Chatzinotas , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite-to-handheld connections herald a new era in satellite communications. Space-Division Multiple Access (SDMA) precoding is a method that mitigates interference among satellite beams, boosting spectral…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-27 Alea Schröder , Steffen Gracla , Maik Röper , Dirk Wübben , Carsten Bockelmann , Armin Dekorsy

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites undergo a period of rapid development driven by ever-increasing user demands, reduced costs, and technological progress. Since there is a paucity of literature on the security and reliability issues of LEO…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-07-20 Pingyue Yue , Jianping An , Jiankang Zhang , Jia Ye , Gaofeng Pan , Shuai Wang , Pei Xiao , Lajos Hanzo

Caching is crucial in hybrid satellite-terrestrial networks to reduce latency, optimize throughput, and improve data availability by storing frequently accessed content closer to users, especially in bandwidth-limited satellite systems,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-07 Zhou Zhang , Yizhu Wang , Saman Atapattu , Sumei Sun

Earth Observation (EO) has traditionally involved the transmission of a large volume of raw data to map the Earth surface. This results in congestion to the satellite network and delays in the availability of the results, invalidating the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Antonio M. Mercado-Martínez , Beatriz Soret , Antonio Jurado-Navas

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites have been envisioned as a significant component of the sixth generation (6G) network architecture for achieving ubiquitous coverage and seamless access. However, the implementation of LEO satellites is…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Chenyu Wu , Shuai Han , Qian Chen , Yu Wang , Weixiao Meng , Abderrahim Benslimane

The coming extension of cellular technology to base-stations in low-earth orbit (LEO) requires a fresh look at terrestrial 3GPP channel models. Relative to such models, sky-to-ground cellular channels will exhibit less diffraction, deeper…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-30 Eunsun Kim , Ian P. Roberts , Peter A. Iannucci , Jeffrey G. Andrews

Recent breakthroughs in technology have led to a thriving "new space" culture in low-Earth orbit (LEO) in which performance and cost considerations dominate over resilience and reliability as mission goals. These advances create a manifold…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Gregory Stock , Juan A. Fraire , Holger Hermanns , Eduardo Cruz , Alastair Isaacs , Zhana Imbrosh

Software-defined networking (SDN) based low earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks leverage the SDN's benefits of the separation of data plane and control plane, control plane programmability, and centralized control to alleviate the problem…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Zhiyun Jiang , Wei Li , Menglong Yang

In cognitive radio networks, secondary users (SUs) may cooperate with the primary user (PU), so that the success probability of PU transmissions are improved, while SUs obtain more transmission opportunities. Thus, SUs have to take…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2014-12-23 Nestor Chatzidiamantis , Evangelia Matskani , Leonidas Georgiadis , Iordanis Koutsopoulos , Leandros Tassiulas

Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite Internet of Things (IoT) has been identified as one of the important components of the sixth-generation (6G) non-terrestrial networks (NTN) to provide ubiquitous connectivity. Due to the low orbit altitude…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ming Ying , Xiaoming Chen , Qiao Qi , Zhaoyang Zhang

Recent advancements in low-Earth-orbit (LEO) satellites aim to bring resilience, ubiquitous, and high-quality service to future Internet infrastructure. However, the soaring number of space assets, increasing dynamics of LEO satellites and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Peng Hu