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Despite their impressive performance, contemporary neural networks often lack structural safeguards that promote stable learning and interpretable behavior. In this work, we introduce a reformulation of layer-level transformations that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Saleh Nikooroo , Thomas Engel

Even the largest neural networks make errors, and once-correct predictions can become invalid as the world changes. Model editors make local updates to the behavior of base (pre-trained) models to inject updated knowledge or correct…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-06-15 Eric Mitchell , Charles Lin , Antoine Bosselut , Christopher D. Manning , Chelsea Finn

ROME and MEMIT are largely believed to be two different model editing algorithms, with the major difference between them being the ability to perform batched edits. In this paper, we unify these two algorithms under a single conceptual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Akshat Gupta , Dev Sajnani , Gopala Anumanchipalli

Embedding models have been an effective learning paradigm for high-dimensional data. However, one open issue of embedding models is that their representations (latent factors) often result in large parameter space. We observe that existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Xupeng Miao , Hailin Zhang , Yining Shi , Xiaonan Nie , Zhi Yang , Yangyu Tao , Bin Cui

State-space models (SSMs) have recently attention as an efficient alternative to computationally expensive attention-based models for sequence modeling. They rely on linear recurrences to integrate information over time, enabling fast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Mahdi Karami , Ali Behrouz , Peilin Zhong , Razvan Pascanu , Vahab Mirrokni

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) achieve strong performance through instruction tuning, but real-world deployment requires them to continually expand their capabilities, making Multimodal Continual Instruction Tuning (MCIT)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Zhen-Hao Xie , Jun-Tao Tang , Yu-Cheng Shi , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan , Da-Wei Zhou

Dropout and similar stochastic neural network regularization methods are often interpreted as implicitly averaging over a large ensemble of models. We propose STE (stochastically trained ensemble) layers, which enhance the averaging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Alex Labach , Shahrokh Valaee

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures employ sparse activation to deliver faster training and inference with higher accuracy than dense LLMs. However, in production serving, MoE models require batch inference to optimize hardware…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Juntong Wu , Jialiang Cheng , Fuyu Lv , Ou Dan , Li Yuan

Domain adaptation of embedding models, updating a generic embedding to the language of a specific domain, is a proven technique for domains that have insufficient data to train an effective model from scratch. Chemistry publications is one…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Mihalis Gongolidis , Jeremy Minton , Ronin Wu , Valentin Stauber , Jason Hoelscher-Obermaier , Viktor Botev

Knowledge Editing (KE) aims to adjust a Large Language Model's (LLM) internal representations and parameters to correct inaccuracies and improve output consistency without incurring the computational expense of re-training the entire model.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Liyu Zhang , Weiqi Wang , Tianqing Fang , Yangqiu Song

While multimodal large language models excel at various tasks, they still suffer from hallucinations, which limit their reliability and scalability for broader domain applications. To address this issue, recent research mainly focuses on…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Liangliang You , Junchi Yao , Shu Yang , Guimin Hu , Lijie Hu , Di Wang

The unauthorized use of personal data in model training has emerged as a growing privacy threat. Unlearnable examples (UEs) address this issue by embedding imperceptible perturbations into benign examples to obstruct feature learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Bo Wang , Jia Ni , Mengnan Zhao , Zhan Qin , Kui Ren

Recent advances in contrastive learning have enlightened diverse applications across various semi-supervised fields. Jointly training supervised learning and unsupervised learning with a shared feature encoder becomes a common scheme.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Cheng Tan , Zhangyang Gao , Lirong Wu , Siyuan Li , Stan Z. Li

Bayesian brain theory suggests that the brain employs generative models to understand the external world. The sampling-based perspective posits that the brain infers the posterior distribution through samples of stochastic neuronal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Xingsi Dong , Si Wu

Recently, while large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive results, they still suffer from hallucination, i.e., the generation of false information. Model editing is the task of fixing factual mistakes in LLMs; yet, most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Taolin Zhang , Qizhou Chen , Dongyang Li , Chengyu Wang , Xiaofeng He , Longtao Huang , Hui Xue , Jun Huang

Continual learning in Large Language Models (LLMs) faces the critical challenge of balancing stability (retaining old knowledge) and plasticity (learning new tasks). While Experience Replay (ER) is a standard countermeasure against…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Fei Meng

Error mitigation techniques, while instrumental in extending the capabilities of near-term quantum computers, often suffer from exponential resource scaling with noise levels. To address this limitation, we introduce a novel approach,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-11 Gaurav Saxena , Thi Ha Kyaw

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) offer low-latency and energy-efficient decision-making on neuromorphic hardware by mimicking the event-driven dynamics of biological neurons. However, the discrete and non-differentiable nature of spikes leads…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Zijie Xu , Xinyu Shi , Yiting Dong , Zihan Huang , Zhaofei Yu

Recent advances in foundation models have emphasized the need to align pre-trained models with specialized domains using small, curated datasets. Studies on these foundation models underscore the importance of low-data training and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Zihang Liu , Yuanzhe Hu , Tianyu Pang , Yefan Zhou , Pu Ren , Yaoqing Yang

Knowledge editing and machine unlearning are two popular approaches for large language models (LLMs) to stay up-to-date. However, the knowledge updating mechanism of LLMs remains largely unexplored due to insufficient, isolated, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Yinyi Luo , Zhexian Zhou , Hao Chen , Kai Qiu , Marios Savvides , Sharon Li , Jindong Wang
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