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Protecting privacy in learning while maintaining the model performance has become increasingly critical in many applications that involve sensitive data. Private Gradient Descent (PGD) is a commonly used private learning framework, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Junyuan Hong , Zhangyang Wang , Jiayu Zhou

In this paper, we are concerned with differentially private {stochastic gradient descent (SGD)} algorithms in the setting of stochastic convex optimization (SCO). Most of the existing work requires the loss to be Lipschitz continuous and…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-03-23 Puyu Wang , Yunwen Lei , Yiming Ying , Hai Zhang

To defend the inference attacks and mitigate the sensitive information leakages in Federated Learning (FL), client-level Differentially Private FL (DPFL) is the de-facto standard for privacy protection by clipping local updates and adding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-03 Yifan Shi , Kang Wei , Li Shen , Yingqi Liu , Xueqian Wang , Bo Yuan , Dacheng Tao

This paper focuses on the problem of Differentially Private Stochastic Optimization for (multi-layer) fully connected neural networks with a single output node. In the first part, we examine cases with no hidden nodes, specifically focusing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Hanpu Shen , Cheng-Long Wang , Zihang Xiang , Yiming Ying , Di Wang

Modern machine learning models heavily rely on large datasets that often include sensitive and private information, raising serious privacy concerns. Differentially private (DP) data generation offers a solution by creating synthetic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Runkai Zheng , Vishnu Asutosh Dasu , Yinong Oliver Wang , Haohan Wang , Fernando De la Torre

We systematically study the calibration of classifiers trained with differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) and observe miscalibration across a wide range of vision and language tasks. Our analysis identifies per-example…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Hanlin Zhang , Xuechen Li , Prithviraj Sen , Salim Roukos , Tatsunori Hashimoto

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) is a standard approach to privacy-preserving learning based on per-example clipping, subsampling, Gaussian perturbation, and privacy accounting. Classical DP-SGD releases a noisy…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Mohammad Partohaghighi , Roummel Marcia

Deep learning networks are typically trained by Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) methods that iteratively improve the model parameters by estimating a gradient on a very small fraction of the training data. A major roadblock faced when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Tao Lin , Lingjing Kong , Sebastian U. Stich , Martin Jaggi

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in natural language understanding by capturing hidden semantics in vector space. This process enriches the value of text embeddings for various downstream tasks, thereby fostering the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Peihua Mai , Ran Yan , Zhe Huang , Youjia Yang , Yan Pang

When we enforce differential privacy in machine learning, the utility-privacy trade-off is different w.r.t. each group. Gradient clipping and random noise addition disproportionately affect underrepresented and complex classes and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Depeng Xu , Wei Du , Xintao Wu

Traditional Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) introduces statistical noise on top of gradients drawn from a Gaussian distribution to ensure privacy. This paper introduces the novel Differentially Private Block-wise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 David Zagardo

We consider the problem of minimizing a convex risk with stochastic subgradients guaranteeing $\epsilon$-locally differentially private ($\epsilon$-LDP). While it has been shown that stochastic optimization is possible with $\epsilon$-LDP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Kwang-Sung Jun , Francesco Orabona

Self-supervised learning (SSL) methods for large speech models have proven to be highly effective at ASR. With the interest in public deployment of large pre-trained models, there is a rising concern for unintended memorization and leakage…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Geeticka Chauhan , Steve Chien , Om Thakkar , Abhradeep Thakurta , Arun Narayanan

The hidden state threat model of differential privacy (DP) assumes that the adversary has access only to the final trained machine learning (ML) model, without seeing intermediate states during training. However, the current privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Rob Romijnders , Antti Koskela

This monograph explores the design and analysis of correlated noise mechanisms for differential privacy (DP), focusing on their application to private training of AI and machine learning models via the core primitive of estimation of…

Differentially Private Stochastic Gradient Descent (DP-SGD) is the dominant paradigm for private training, but its fundamental limitations under worst-case adversarial privacy definitions remain poorly understood. We analyze DP-SGD in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Murat Bilgehan Ertan , Marten van Dijk

Differentially private (DP) training preserves the data privacy usually at the cost of slower convergence (and thus lower accuracy), as well as more severe mis-calibration than its non-private counterpart. To analyze the convergence of DP…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Zhiqi Bu , Hua Wang , Zongyu Dai , Qi Long

Differential privacy (DP) is a prominent method for protecting information about individuals during data analysis. Training neural networks with differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DPSGD) influences the model's learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Lea Demelius , Dominik Kowald , Simone Kopeinik , Roman Kern , Andreas Trügler

Differentially private (DP) language model inference is an approach for generating private synthetic text. A sensitive input example is used to prompt an off-the-shelf large language model (LLM) to produce a similar example. Multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Kareem Amin , Salman Avestimehr , Sara Babakniya , Alex Bie , Weiwei Kong , Natalia Ponomareva , Umar Syed

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) for specific tasks introduces privacy risks, as models may inadvertently memorise and leak sensitive training data. While Differential Privacy (DP) offers a solution to mitigate these risks, it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Olivia Ma , Jonathan Passerat-Palmbach , Dmitrii Usynin