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The Kochen-Specker no-go theorem established that hidden-variable theories in quantum mechanics necessarily admit contextuality. This theorem is formally stated in terms of the partial Boolean algebra structure of projectors on a Hilbert…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Anuj Dawar , Nihil Shah

We define a simple orthogonal polyhedron to be a three-dimensional polyhedron with the topology of a sphere in which three mutually-perpendicular edges meet at each vertex. By analogy to Steinitz's theorem characterizing the graphs of…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2016-08-12 David Eppstein , Elena Mumford

The icosidodecahedron has 30 vertices, one at the center of each edge of a regular icosahedron -- or equivalently, one at the center of each edge of a regular dodecahedron. It is a beautiful, highly symmetrical shape. But it is just a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-28 John C. Baez

A quantum kaleidoscope is defined as a set of observables, or states, consisting of many different subsets that provide closely related proofs of the Bell-Kochen-Specker (BKS) and Bell nonlocality theorems. The kaleidoscopes prove the BKS…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 P. K. Aravind

We prove that each lower-dimensional face of a quasi-arithmetic Coxeter polytope, which happens to be itself a Coxeter polytope, is also quasi-arithmetic. We also provide a sufficient condition for a codimension $1$ face to be actually…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2020-11-03 Nikolay Bogachev , Alexander Kolpakov

Given a pure, full-dimensional, locally strongly connected polyhedral complex C with convex support, we characterize, by a local codimension-2 condition, polyhedral complexes that coarsen C. The proof of the characterization draws upon a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-15 Nathan Reading

For a two-particle two-state system, sets of compatible propositions exist for which quantum mechanics and noncontextual hidden-variable theories make conflicting predictions for every individual system whatever its quantum state. This…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-01-23 Adan Cabello , Guillermo Garcia-Alcaine

We study the connection between triangulations of a type $A$ root polytope and the resonance arrangement, a hyperplane arrangement that shows up in a surprising number of contexts. Despite an elementary definition for the resonance…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-12 Samuel C. Gutekunst , Karola Mészáros , T. Kyle Petersen

GHZ paradoxes are presented for all even numbers of qubits from four up. They are obtained from proofs of the Kochen-Specker (KS) theorem by showing how the assumption of noncontextuality can be justified on the basis of locality. The…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-11 Mordecai Waegell , P. K. Aravind

A three-dimensional orthoscheme is defined as a tetrahedron whose base is a right-angled triangle and an edge joining the apex and a non-right-angled vertex is perpendicular to the base. A generalization, called complete orthoschemes, of…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2014-03-11 Kazuhiro Ichihara , Akira Ushijima

4-dimensional $A_{4}$ polytopes and their dual polytopes have been constructed as the orbits of the Coxeter-Weyl group $W(A_{4})$ where the group elements and the vertices of the polytopes are represented by quaternions. Projection of an…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-03-13 Mehmet Koca , Nazife Ozdes Koca , Mudhahir Al-Ajmi

The new concept of a system of hex equations is introduced as an overdetermined system of six five-point face-centered quad equations defined on six vertices of a hexagon. For a consistent system of hex equations, two variables on…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-05-06 Andrew P. Kels

The Kochen-Specker theorem is a basic and fundamental 50 year old non-existence result affecting the foundations of quantum mechanix, strongly implying the lack of any meaningful notion of "quantum realism", and typically leading to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-11 Del Rajan , Matt Visser

This work presents the tessellations and polytopes from the perspective of both n-dimensional geometry and abstract symmetry groups. It starts with a brief introduction to the terminology and a short motivation. In the first part, it…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-06 Plamen Dimitrov

The Kochen-Specker theorem proves the inability to assign, simultaneously, noncontextual definite values to all (of a finite set of) quantum mechanical observables in a consistent manner. If one assumes that any definite values behave…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-10-06 Alastair A. Abbott , Cristian S. Calude , Karl Svozil

We present a computational survey of Kochen-Specker (KS) uncolorability in three-dimensional Hilbert space across two-symbol coordinate alphabets $\mathcal{A} = \{0, \pm 1, \pm x\}$ drawn from quadratic, cyclotomic, and golden-ratio number…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Michael Kernaghan

In Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 190203 (2025) a discovery of the simplest 3D contextual set with 33 vertices, 50 bases, and 14 complete bases is claimed. In this paper, we show that it was previously generated in Quantum 7, 953 (2023) and analyze…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Mladen Pavicic

Let ${\mathcal A}$ be a finite real linear hyperplane arrangement in three dimensions. Suppose further that all the regions of ${\mathcal A}$ are isometric. We prove that ${\mathcal A}$ is necessarily a Coxeter arrangement. As it is well…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-13 Richard Ehrenborg , Caroline Klivans , Nathan Reading

This work concerns how the three-dimensional polyhedral Mereon structure (the 120 polyhedron) is the precise projection from four-space of the 600-cell, an analogue in four-dimensional space of a regular solid. The 600-cell is made from 120…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Robert W. Gray , Lynnclaire Dennis , Louis H. Kauffman

For any Coxeter system $(W,S)$ of rank $n$, we introduce an abstract boolean complex (simplicial poset) of dimension $2n-1$ that contains the Coxeter complex as a relative subcomplex. Faces are indexed by triples $(I,w,J)$, where $I$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-04 T. Kyle Petersen