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An $\alpha$-approximate polynomial Turing kernelization is a polynomial-time algorithm that computes an $(\alpha c)$-approximate solution for a parameterized optimization problem when given access to an oracle that can compute…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Stefan Kratsch , Pascal Kunz

The most efficient algorithms for finding maximum independent sets in both theory and practice use reduction rules to obtain a much smaller problem instance called a kernel. The kernel can then be solved quickly using exact or heuristic…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Demian Hespe , Christian Schulz , Darren Strash

We introduce a new framework for the analysis of preprocessing routines for parameterized counting problems. Existing frameworks that encapsulate parameterized counting problems permit the usage of exponential (rather than polynomial) time…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Daniel Lokshtanov , Pranabendu Misra , Saket Saurabh , Meirav Zehavi

There are existing standard solvers for tackling discrete optimization problems. However, in practice, it is uncommon to apply them directly to the large input space typical of this class of problems. Rather, the input is preprocessed to…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Bolarinwa Olayemi Saheed

We extend the notion of lossy kernelization, introduced by Lokshtanov et al. [STOC 2017], to approximate Turing kernelization. An $\alpha$-approximate Turing kernel for a parameterized optimization problem is a polynomial-time algorithm…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-28 Eva-Maria C. Hols , Stefan Kratsch , Astrid Pieterse

This paper presents an algorithm, Voted Kernel Regularization , that provides the flexibility of using potentially very complex kernel functions such as predictors based on much higher-degree polynomial kernels, while benefitting from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-09-16 Corinna Cortes , Prasoon Goyal , Vitaly Kuznetsov , Mehryar Mohri

Parameterized complexity allows us to analyze the time complexity of problems with respect to a natural parameter depending on the problem. Reoptimization looks for solutions or approximations for problem instances when given solutions to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-07-31 Hans-Joachim Böckenhauer , Elisabet Burjons , Martin Raszyk , Peter Rossmanith

Connectivity problems like k-Path and k-Disjoint Paths relate to many important milestones in parameterized complexity, namely the Graph Minors Project, color coding, and the recent development of techniques for obtaining kernelization…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Hans L. Bodlaender , Bart M. P. Jansen , Stefan Kratsch

A parameterized problem consists of a classical problem and an additional component, the so-called parameter. This point of view allows a formal definition of preprocessing: Given a parameterized instance (I,k), a polynomial kernelization…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2009-10-26 Stefan Kratsch , Magnus Wahlstrom

Meta-kernelization theorems are general results that provide polynomial kernels for large classes of parameterized problems. The known meta-kernelization theorems, in particular the results of Bodlaender et al. (FOCS'09) and of Fomin et al.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2013-04-22 Robert Ganian , Friedrich Slivovsky , Stefan Szeider

The Connected Vertex Cover problem, where the goal is to compute a minimum set of vertices in a given graph which forms a vertex cover and induces a connected subgraph, is a fundamental combinatorial problem and has received extensive…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Diptapriyo Majumdar , M. S. Ramanujan , Saket Saurabh

Many graph problems were first shown to be fixed-parameter tractable using the results of Robertson and Seymour on graph minors. We show that the combination of finite, computable, obstruction sets and efficient order tests is not just one…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-05-15 Michael R. Fellows , Bart M. P. Jansen

Kernelization is a significant topic in parameterized complexity. Turing kernelization is a general form of kernelization. In the aspect of kernelization, an impressive hardness theory has been established [Bodlaender etc. (ICALP 2008,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2016-11-22 Weidong Luo

Enumeration kernelization was first proposed by Creignou et al. [TOCS 2017] and was later refined by Golovach et al. [JCSS 2022] into two different variants: fully-polynomial enumeration kernelization and polynomial-delay enumeration…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Christian Komusiewicz , Diptapriyo Majumdar

In the recent years we have witnessed a rapid development of new algorithmic techniques for parameterized algorithms for graph separation problems. We present experimental evaluation of two cornerstone theoretical results in this area:…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Marcin Pilipczuk , Michał Ziobro

Enumeration kernelization for parameterized enumeration problems was defined by Creignou et al. [Theory Comput. Syst. 2017] and was later refined by Golovach et al. [J. Comput. Syst. Sci. 2022, STACS 2021] to polynomial-delay enumeration…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Christian Komusiewicz , Diptapriyo Majumdar , Frank Sommer

The Odd Cycle Transversal problem (OCT) asks whether a given graph can be made bipartite by deleting at most $k$ of its vertices. In a breakthrough result Reed, Smith, and Vetta (Operations Research Letters, 2004) gave a $\BigOh(4^kkmn)$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-03-19 Stefan Kratsch , Magnus Wahlström

Enumerative kernelization is a recent and promising area sitting at the intersection of parameterized complexity and enumeration algorithms. Its study began with the paper of Creignou et al. [Theory Comput. Syst., 2017], and development in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Marin Bougeret , Guilherme C. M. Gomes , Vinicius F. dos Santos , Ignasi Sau

In this work, we broadly connect kernel-based filtering (e.g. approaches such as the bilateral filters and nonlocal means, but also many more) with general variational formulations of Bayesian regularized least squares, and the related…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-01 Frank Ong , Peyman Milanfar , Pascal Getreuer

This paper studies randomized polynomial kernelization for the weighted $d$-matroid intersection problem. While the problem is known to have a kernel of size $O(d^{(k - 1)d})$ where $k$ is the solution size, the existence of a polynomial…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Chien-Chung Huang , Naonori Kakimura , Yusuke Kobayashi , Tatsuya Terao