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In this paper, we introduce a model of evolution and learning in robots that co-optimizes a distribution of latent design vectors (genotypes) and a mixture of control experts (neural modules), which are gated by the latent coordinates of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yibin Wang , Muhan Li , Zihan Guo , Sam Kriegman

Many organisms and cell types, from bacteria to cancer cells, exhibit a remarkable ability to adapt to fluctuating environments. Additionally, cells can leverage a memory of past environments to better survive previously-encountered…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Josiah C. Kratz , Jacob Adamczyk

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has significantly advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) in verifiable domains, but aligning models for open-ended generation remains profoundly challenging due to the lack of definitive rewards. Current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xin Guan , Xiaomeng Hu , Shen Huang , Zhenyi Wang , Bo Zhang , Zijian Li , Pengjun Xie , Bo Liu , Jiuxin Cao

Visual reasoning is crucial for understanding complex multimodal data and advancing Artificial General Intelligence. Existing methods enhance the reasoning capability of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) through Reinforcement…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Chaoyang Wang , Zeyu Zhang , Meng Meng , Xu Zhou , Haiyun Jiang

Molecule representation learning is crucial for understanding and predicting molecular properties. However, conventional atom-centric models, which treat chemical bonds merely as pairwise interactions, often overlook complex bond-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yunqing Liu , Yi Zhou , Wenqi Fan

Learning effective representations in image-based environments is crucial for sample efficient Reinforcement Learning (RL). Unfortunately, in RL, representation learning is confounded with the exploratory experience of the agent -- learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Denis Yarats , Rob Fergus , Alessandro Lazaric , Lerrel Pinto

We propose MoRe-ERL, a framework that combines Episodic Reinforcement Learning (ERL) and residual learning, which refines preplanned reference trajectories into safe, feasible, and efficient task-specific trajectories. This framework is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Xi Huang , Hongyi Zhou , Ge Li , Yucheng Tang , Weiran Liao , Björn Hein , Tamim Asfour , Rudolf Lioutikov

Building agentic systems that can autonomously self-improve from experience is a longstanding goal of AI. Large language models (LLMs) today primarily self-improve via two mechanisms: self-reflection for context updates, and reinforcement…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Lunjun Zhang , Ryan Chen , Bradly C. Stadie

A major challenge in the pharmaceutical industry is to design novel molecules with specific desired properties, especially when the property evaluation is costly. Here, we propose MNCE-RL, a graph convolutional policy network for molecular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Chencheng Xu , Qiao Liu , Minlie Huang , Tao Jiang

Objective: Enhancing the reliability of myoelectric controllers that decode motor intent is a pressing challenge in the field of bionic prosthetics. State-of-the-art research has mostly focused on Supervised Learning (SL) techniques to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-21 Kilian Freitag , Yiannis Karayiannidis , Jan Zbinden , Rita Laezza

Experience-driven self-evolving agents aim to overcome the static nature of large language models by distilling reusable experience from past interactions, thus enabling adaptation to novel tasks at deployment time. This process places…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Zhiyuan Fan , Wenwei Jin , Feng Zhang , Bin Li , Yihong Dong , Yao Hu , Jiawei Li

In this work, we introduce a method to fine-tune a Transformer-based generative model for molecular de novo design. Leveraging the superior sequence learning capacity of Transformers over Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), our model can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Pengcheng Xu , Tao Feng , Tianfan Fu , Siddhartha Laghuvarapu , Jimeng Sun

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithms have been successfully applied to a range of challenging control tasks. However, these methods typically suffer from three core difficulties: temporal credit assignment with sparse rewards, lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Shauharda Khadka , Kagan Tumer

Designing effective control policies for autonomous systems remains a fundamental challenge, traditionally addressed through reinforcement learning or manual engineering. While reinforcement learning has achieved remarkable success, it…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Ping Guo , Chao Li , Yinglan Feng , Chaoning Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as an effective paradigm for enhancing model reasoning. However, existing RL methods like GRPO typically rely on unstructured self-sampling to fit scalar rewards, often producing inefficient rollouts…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Jinyang Wu , Chonghua Liao , Mingkuan Feng , Shuai Zhang , Zhengqi Wen , Haoran Luo , Ling Yang , Huazhe Xu , Jianhua Tao

Recent advances have shown that video generation models can enhance robot learning by deriving effective robot actions through inverse dynamics. However, these methods heavily depend on the quality of generated data and struggle with…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Kelin Yu , Sheng Zhang , Harshit Soora , Furong Huang , Heng Huang , Pratap Tokekar , Ruohan Gao

In the majority of molecular optimization tasks, predictive machine learning (ML) models are limited due to the unavailability and cost of generating big experimental datasets on the specific task. To circumvent this limitation, ML models…

Molecular representation learning plays a crucial role in advancing applications such as drug discovery and material design. Existing work leverages 2D and 3D modalities of molecular information for pre-training, aiming to capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Tengwei Song , Min Wu , Yuan Fang

As modern air combat evolves toward beyond-visual-range (BVR) multi-aircraft cooperative engagements, autonomous decision-making for unmanned combat aerial vehicles (UCAVs) faces significant challenges due to high-dimensional state spaces,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Chengwei Li , Junlin Liu , Yang Gao

Reinforcement learning (RL) excels in various applications but struggles in dynamic environments where the underlying Markov decision process evolves. Continual reinforcement learning (CRL) enables RL agents to continually learn and adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Xue Yang , Michael Schukat , Junlin Lu , Patrick Mannion , Karl Mason , Enda Howley