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Large language model (LLM)-based agents have recently gained considerable attention due to the powerful reasoning capabilities of LLMs. Existing research predominantly focuses on enhancing the task performance of these agents in diverse…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Dayong Ye , Tainqing Zhu , Congcong Zhu , Feng He , Qi He , Shang Wang , Bo Liu , Wanlei Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) risk retaining unauthorized or sensitive information from their training data, which raises privacy concerns. LLM unlearning seeks to mitigate these risks by selectively removing specified data while maintaining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Hwan Chang , Hwanhee Lee

Popular approaches for minimizing loss in data-driven learning often involve an abstraction or an explicit retention of the history of gradients for efficient parameter updates. The aggregated history of gradients nudges the parameter…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Paul-Aymeric McRae , Prasanna Parthasarathi , Mahmoud Assran , Sarath Chandar

As generative models become increasingly powerful and pervasive, the ability to unlearn specific data, whether due to privacy concerns, legal requirements, or the correction of harmful content, has become increasingly important. Unlike in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Pinak Mandal , Georg A. Gottwald

Large language models (LLMs) have brought about significant transformations in human society. Among the crucial computations in LLMs, the softmax unit holds great importance. Its helps the model generating a probability distribution on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Yichuan Deng , Zhihang Li , Sridhar Mahadevan , Zhao Song

Large language model (LLM) unlearning has become a critical mechanism for removing undesired data, knowledge, or behaviors from pre-trained models while retaining their general utility. Yet, with the rise of open-weight LLMs, we ask: can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Bingqi Shang , Yiwei Chen , Yihua Zhang , Bingquan Shen , Sijia Liu

Large language models (LLMs) should undergo rigorous audits to identify potential risks, such as copyright and privacy infringements. Once these risks emerge, timely updates are crucial to remove undesirable responses, ensuring legal and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Qizhou Wang , Jin Peng Zhou , Zhanke Zhou , Saebyeol Shin , Bo Han , Kilian Q. Weinberger

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong general language capabilities. However, fine-tuning these models on domain-specific tasks often leads to catastrophic forgetting, where the model overwrites or loses essential knowledge acquired…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shezheng Song , Hao Xu , Jun Ma , Shasha Li , Long Peng , Qian Wan , Xiaodong Liu , Jie Yu

The widespread deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) trained on massive, uncurated corpora has raised growing concerns about the inclusion of sensitive, copyrighted, or illegal content. This has led to increasing interest in LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Chenlong Zhang , Zhuoran Jin , Hongbang Yuan , Jiaheng Wei , Tong Zhou , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao , Yubo Chen

Large language Model (LLM) unlearning, i.e., selectively removing information from LLMs, is vital for responsible model deployment. Differently, LLM knowledge editing aims to modify LLM knowledge instead of removing it. Though editing and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zexi Li , Xiangzhu Wang , William F. Shen , Meghdad Kurmanji , Xinchi Qiu , Dongqi Cai , Chao Wu , Nicholas D. Lane

Memorization in large language models (LLMs) makes them vulnerable to data extraction attacks. While pre-training memorization has been extensively studied, fewer works have explored its impact in fine-tuning, particularly for LoRA…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Fei Wang , Baochun Li

In modern deep learning, the models are learned by applying gradient updates using an optimizer, which transforms the updates based on various statistics. Optimizers are often hand-designed and tuning their hyperparameters is a big part of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Gus Kristiansen , Mark Sandler , Andrey Zhmoginov , Nolan Miller , Anirudh Goyal , Jihwan Lee , Max Vladymyrov

This paper introduces Unilogit, a novel self-distillation method for machine unlearning in Large Language Models. Unilogit addresses the challenge of selectively forgetting specific information while maintaining overall model utility, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Stefan Vasilev , Christian Herold , Baohao Liao , Seyyed Hadi Hashemi , Shahram Khadivi , Christof Monz

Machine unlearning aims to remove the influence of specific training samples from a trained model without full retraining. While prior work has largely focused on privacy-motivated settings, we recast unlearning as a general-purpose tool…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-11 George R. Nahass , Zhu Wang , Homa Rashidisabet , Won Hwa Kim , Sasha Hubschman , Jeffrey C. Peterson , Chad A. Purnell , Pete Setabutr , Ann Q. Tran , Darvin Yi , Sathya N. Ravi

Language models (LMs) can "memorize" information, i.e., encode training data in their weights in such a way that inference-time queries can lead to verbatim regurgitation of that data. This ability to extract training data can be…

Unlearning in Large Language Models (LLMs) is essential for ensuring ethical and responsible AI use, especially in addressing privacy leak, bias, safety, and evolving regulations. Existing approaches to LLM unlearning often rely on retain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Yaxuan Wang , Jiaheng Wei , Chris Yuhao Liu , Jinlong Pang , Quan Liu , Ankit Parag Shah , Yujia Bao , Yang Liu , Wei Wei

As AI models are trained on ever-expanding datasets, the ability to remove the influence of specific data from trained models has become essential for privacy protection and regulatory compliance. Unlearning addresses this challenge by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shizhou Xu , Yuan Ni , Stefan Broecker , Thomas Strohmer

We formulate the machine unlearning problem as a general constrained optimization problem. It unifies the first-order methods from the approximate machine unlearning literature. This paper then introduces the concept of feasible updates as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Virgile Dine , Teddy Furon , Charly Faure

Machine unlearning aims to efficiently eliminate the influence of specific training data, known as the forget set, from the model. However, existing unlearning methods for Large Language Models (LLMs) face a critical challenge: they rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Anmol Mekala , Vineeth Dorna , Shreya Dubey , Abhishek Lalwani , David Koleczek , Mukund Rungta , Sadid Hasan , Elita Lobo

Mitigating the retention of sensitive or private information in large language models is essential for enhancing privacy and safety. Existing unlearning methods, like Gradient Ascent and Negative Preference Optimization, directly tune…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Yijiang River Dong , Hongzhou Lin , Mikhail Belkin , Ramon Huerta , Ivan Vulić