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For photon-counting applications at ultraviolet wavelengths, there are currently no detectors that combine high efficiency (> 50%), sub-nanosecond timing resolution, and sub-Hz dark count rates. Superconducting nanowire single-photon…

By analyzing the physics of multi-photon absorption in superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs), we identify physical components of jitter. From this, we formulate a quantitative physical model of the multi-photon detector…

We derive the time-dependent photo-detection probability equation of a superconducting single photon detector (SSPD) to study the responsive property for a pulse train at high repetition rate. Using this equation, we analyze the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Mikio Fujiwara , Toshimori Honjo , Kaoru Shimizu , Kiyoshi Tamaki , Masahide Sasaki

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) with near-unity system efficiency is a key enabling, but still elusive technology for numerous quantum fundamental theory verifications and quantum information applications. The key…

Superconductivity · Physics 2020-12-30 Peng Hu , Hao Li , Lixing You , Heqing Wang , You Xiao , Jia Huang , Xiaoyan Yang , Weijun Zhang , Zhen Wang , Xiaoming Xie

We demonstrated a laser depth imaging system based on the time-correlated single-photon counting technique, which was incorporated with a low-jitter superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD), operated at the wavelength of 1550…

Optics · Physics 2023-07-19 H. Zhou , Y. He , L. You , S. Chen , W. Zhang , J. Wu , Z. Wang , X. Xie

We present superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) based on few-layer NbSe$_2$ fully encapsulated with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), demonstrating single-photon sensitivity. Our fabrication process preserves the…

Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) are a leading detector technology for time-resolved single-photon counting from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared regime. The recent advancement in single-photon sensitivity in…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-10-09 Christina Wang , Cristián Peña , Si Xie , Emanuel Knehr , Boris Korzh , Jamie Luskin , Sahil Patel , Matthew Shaw , Valentina Vega

The near-unity system detection efficiency (SDE) and excellent timing resolution of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs), combined with their other merits, have enabled many classical and quantum photonic applications.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-12 Yun Meng , Kai Zou , Nan Hu , Liang Xu , Xiaojian Lan , Stephan Steinhauer , Samuel Gyger , Val Zwiller , Xiaolong Hu

Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs) offer high-quantum-efficiency and low-dark-count-rate single photon detection. In a growing number of cases, large magnetic fields are being incorporated into quantum microscopes,…

We investigate the detection of an ultra-bright single-photon source using highly efficient superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) at telecom wavelengths. Both the single-photon source and the detectors are characterized…

Superconducting nanostrip single-photon detectors (SNSPD) are wide-spread tools in photonic quantum technologies. Here, we study afterpulsing in commercial SNSPD made of amorphous superconducting material. We find that the probability of an…

Optics · Physics 2023-08-21 Sebastian M. F. Raupach , Mariia Sidorova , Alexej D. Semenov

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) have emerged as essential devices that push the boundaries of photon detection with unprecedented sensitivity, ultrahigh timing precision, and broad spectral response. Recent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-02 Jun Gao , Jin Chang , Bruno Lopez Rodriguez , Iman Esmaeil Zadeh , Val Zwiller , Ali W. Elshaari

One of the key properties of single-photon detectors is their recovery time, i.e. the time required for the detector to recover its nominal efficiency. In the case of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs), which can…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-12-02 Claire Autebert , Gaëtan Gras , Emna Amri , Matthieu Perrenoud , Misael Caloz , Hugo Zbinden , Félix Bussières

A broad range of scientific and industrial disciplines require precise optical measurements at very low light levels. Single-photon detectors combining high efficiency and high time resolution are pivotal in such experiments. By using…

The Parallel Nanowire Detector (PND) is a photon number resolving (PNR) detector which uses spatial multiplexing on a subwavelength scale to provide a single electrical output proportional to the photon number. The basic structure of the…

Optics · Physics 2010-01-15 F Marsili , D Bitauld , A Gaggero , S Jahanmirinejad , R Leoni , F Mattioli , A Fiore

Generally, a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (SNSPD) is composed of wires with a typical width of ~100 nm. Recent studies have found that superconducting strips with a micrometer-scale width can also detect single photons.…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-04-28 Guang-Zhao Xu , Wei-Jun Zhang , Li-Xing You , Jia-Min Xiong , Xing-Qu Sun , Hao Huang , Xin Ou , Yi-Ming Pan , Chao-Lin Lv , Hao Li , Zhen Wang , Xiao-Ming Xie

Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors are widely used in various fields of physics and technology, due to their high efficiency and timing precision. Although, in principle, their detection mechanism offers broadband operation,…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-03-25 Martin Baránek , Pavol Neilinger , Samuel Kern , Miroslav Grajcar

We present a new photon number resolving detector (PNR), the Parallel Nanowire Detector (PND), which uses spatial multiplexing on a subwavelength scale to provide a single electrical output proportional to the photon number. The basic…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-11-13 F. Marsili , D. Bitauld , A. Fiore , A. Gaggero , R. Leoni , F. Mattioli , A. Divochiy , A. Korneev , V. Seleznev , N. Kaurova , O. Minaeva , G. Goltsman

We describe an electrothermal model for the turn-on dynamics of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs). By extracting a scaling law from a well-known electrothermal model of SNSPDs, we show that the rise-time of the…

Single photonic applications - such as quantum key distribution - rely on the transmission of single photons, and require the ultimate sensitivity that an optical detector can achieve. Single-photon detectors must convert the energy of an…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2009-11-13 C. Zinoni , B. Alloing , L. H. Li , F. Marsili , L. Lunghi , A. Gerardino , Yu. B. Vakhtomin , K. V. Smirnov , G. N. Gol'tsman , A. Fiore