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Diffusion models provide a principled framework for generative modeling via stochastic differential equations and time-reversed dynamics. Extending spectral diffusion approaches to spherical data, however, raises nontrivial geometric and…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-29 Pierpaolo Brutti , Claudio Durastanti , Francesco Mari

In most classical approaches of computational geophysics for seismic wave propagation problems, complex surface topography is either accounted for by boundary-fitted unstructured meshes, or, where possible, by mapping the complex…

Recognizing traversable terrain from 3D point cloud data is critical, as it directly impacts the performance of autonomous navigation in off-road environments. However, existing segmentation algorithms often struggle with challenges related…

We present Splatblox, a real-time system for autonomous navigation in outdoor environments with dense vegetation, irregular obstacles, and complex terrain. Our method fuses segmented RGB images and LiDAR point clouds using Gaussian…

Spatial data collected worldwide at a huge number of locations are frequently used in environmental and climate studies. Spatial modelling for this type of data presents both methodological and computational challenges. In this work we…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-16 Fedele Greco , Massimo Ventrucci , Elisa Castelli

Recent years have seen a huge development in spatial modelling and prediction methodology, driven by the increased availability of remote-sensing data and the reduced cost of distributed-processing technology. It is well known that…

Computation · Statistics 2020-02-18 Andrew Zammit-Mangion , Jonathan Rougier

Omnidirectional images are increasingly used in robotics and vision due to their wide field of view. However, extending 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) to panoramic camera models remains challenging, as existing formulations are designed for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zhe Yang , Guoqiang Zhao , Sheng Wu , Kai Luo , Kailun Yang

The rapid growth of earth observation systems calls for a scalable approach to interpolate remote-sensing observations. These methods in principle, should acquire more information about the observed field as data grows. Gaussian processes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Weibin Chen , Azhir Mahmood , Michel Tsamados , So Takao

Spatial data are often derived from multiple sources (e.g. satellites, in-situ sensors, survey samples) with different supports, but associated with the same properties of a spatial phenomenon of interest. It is common for predictors to…

A non-stationary spatial Gaussian random field (GRF) is described as the solution of an inhomogeneous stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE), where the covariance structure of the GRF is controlled by the coefficients in the SPDE.…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-08-11 Geir-Arne Fuglstad , Daniel Simpson , Finn Lindgren , Håvard Rue

Surrogate models are often used to replace costly-to-evaluate complex coastal codes to achieve substantial computational savings. In many of those models, the hydrometeorological forcing conditions (inputs) or flood events (outputs) are…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-04 A. F. López-Lopera , D. Idier , J. Rohmer , F. Bachoc

Environmental and climate processes are often distributed over large space-time domains. Their complexity and the amount of available data make modelling and analysis a challenging task. Statistical modelling of environment and climate data…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-02 Behnaz Pirzamanbein

Deformable granular terrains introduce significant locomotion and immobilization risks in planetary exploration and are difficult to detect via remote sensing (e.g., vision). Legged robots can sense terrain properties through leg-terrain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Matthew Y. Jiang , Feifei Qian , Shipeng Liu

Motivated by the modeling of three-dimensional fluid turbulence, we define and study a class of stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) that are randomly stirred by a spatially smooth and uncorrelated in time forcing term. To…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-24 Gabriel B. Apolinário , Laurent Chevillard , Jean-Christophe Mourrat

Gaussian Splatting is a powerful tool for reconstructing diffuse scenes, but it struggles to simultaneously model specular reflections and the appearance of objects behind semi-transparent surfaces. These specular reflections and…

Graphics · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Kunnong Zeng , Chensheng Peng , Yichen Xie , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Cem Yuksel

Spatially dependent data arises in many applications, and Gaussian processes are a popular modelling choice for these scenarios. While Bayesian analyses of these problems have proven to be successful, selecting prior distributions for these…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-07-14 Eric Yanchenko , Howard D. Bondell , Brian J. Reich

With the development of new remote sensing technology, large or even massive spatial datasets covering the globe become available. Statistical analysis of such data is challenging. This article proposes a semiparametric approach to model…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-24 Pulong Ma , Emily L. Kang

Boundary constraints in physical, environmental and engineering models restrict smooth states such as temperature to follow known physical laws at the edges of their spatio-temporal domain. Examples include fixed-state or fixed-derivative…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-05 Yue Ma , Oksana A. Chkrebtii , Stephen R. Niezgoda

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and related technologies have generated substantial interest among statisticians with regard to scalable methodologies for analyzing large spatial datasets. A variety of scalable spatial process models…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-09-10 Sudipto Banerjee

Spatial statistics is traditionally based on stationary models on $\mathbb{R^d}$ like Mat\'ern fields. The adaptation of traditional spatial statistical methods, originally designed for stationary models in Euclidean spaces, to effectively…

Applications · Statistics 2023-12-12 Somnath Chaudhuri , Maria A. Barceló , Pablo Juan , Diego Varga , David Bolin , Haavard Rue , Marc Saez