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Related papers: Hybrid Training for Vision-Language-Action Models

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Chain-of-thought (CoT) via prompting is the de facto method for eliciting reasoning capabilities from large language models (LLMs). But for what kinds of tasks is this extra ``thinking'' really helpful? To analyze this, we conducted a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Zayne Sprague , Fangcong Yin , Juan Diego Rodriguez , Dongwei Jiang , Manya Wadhwa , Prasann Singhal , Xinyu Zhao , Xi Ye , Kyle Mahowald , Greg Durrett

Large language models (LLMs) perform better when they produce step-by-step, "Chain-of-Thought" (CoT) reasoning before answering a question, but it is unclear if the stated reasoning is a faithful explanation of the model's actual reasoning…

We explore how iterative revising a chain of thoughts with the help of information retrieval significantly improves large language models' reasoning and generation ability in long-horizon generation tasks, while hugely mitigating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Zihao Wang , Anji Liu , Haowei Lin , Jiaqi Li , Xiaojian Ma , Yitao Liang

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting is a popular in-context learning (ICL) approach for large language models (LLMs), especially when tackling complex reasoning tasks. Traditional ICL approaches construct prompts using examples that contain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Zifan Xu , Haozhu Wang , Dmitriy Bespalov , Xian Wu , Peter Stone , Yanjun Qi

Humans practice slow thinking before performing actual actions when handling complex tasks in the physical world. This thinking paradigm, recently, has achieved remarkable advancement in boosting Large Language Models (LLMs) to solve…

Large Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models, leveraging powerful pre trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) backends, have shown promise in robotic control due to their impressive generalization ability. However, the success comes at a cost.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Jianke Zhang , Yanjiang Guo , Xiaoyu Chen , Yen-Jen Wang , Yucheng Hu , Chengming Shi , Jianyu Chen

Reinforcement learning with verifiable outcome rewards (RLVR) has effectively scaled up chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning in large language models (LLMs). Yet, its efficacy in training vision-language model (VLM) agents for goal-directed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Tong Wei , Yijun Yang , Junliang Xing , Yuanchun Shi , Zongqing Lu , Deheng Ye

With the remarkable success of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in perception tasks, enhancing their complex reasoning capabilities has emerged as a critical research focus. Existing models still suffer from challenges such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Wenxin Zhu , Andong Chen , Yuchen Song , Kehai Chen , Conghui Zhu , Ziyan Chen , Tiejun Zhao

Reasoning-oriented Large Language Models (LLMs) often rely on generating explicit tokens step by step, and their effectiveness typically hinges on large-scale supervised fine-tuning or reinforcement learning. While Chain-of-Thought (CoT)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Haoyu Zheng , Zhuonan Wang , Yuqian Yuan , Tianwei Lin , Wenqiao Zhang , Zheqi Lv , Juncheng Li , Siliang Tang , Yueting Zhuang , Hongyang He

Vision-language-action models have emerged as a crucial paradigm in robotic manipulation. However, existing VLA models exhibit notable limitations in handling ambiguous language instructions and unknown environmental states. Furthermore,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Helong Huang , Min Cen , Kai Tan , Xingyue Quan , Guowei Huang , Hong Zhang

While Long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning significantly improves Large Language Models (LLMs) performance on complex reasoning tasks, the substantial computational and memory costs of generating long CoT sequences limit their efficiency…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Liang Zhang , Yu Zhao , Longyue Wang , Tianqi Shi , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Jinsong Su

Chain-of-thought (CoT) significantly enhances the performance of large language models (LLMs) across a wide range of tasks, and prior research shows that CoT can theoretically increase expressiveness. However, there is limited mechanistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Yifan Zhang , Wenyu Du , Dongming Jin , Jie Fu , Zhi Jin

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting can effectively elicit complex multi-step reasoning from Large Language Models~(LLMs). For example, by simply adding CoT instruction ``Let's think step-by-step'' to each input query of MultiArith dataset,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Jiuhai Chen , Lichang Chen , Heng Huang , Tianyi Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) have unveiled remarkable reasoning capabilities by exploiting chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting, which generates intermediate reasoning chains to serve as the rationale for deriving the answer. However, current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Anni Zou , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao , Xiangru Tang

Large language models (LLMs) show strong reasoning via chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting, but the process is opaque, which makes verification, debugging, and control difficult in high-stakes settings. We present Vis-CoT, a human-in-the-loop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Kaviraj Pather , Elena Hadjigeorgiou , Arben Krasniqi , Claire Schmit , Irina Rusu , Marc Pons , Kabir Khan

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have leveraged explicit Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting to improve reasoning accuracy. However, most existing methods primarily focus on compressing verbose reasoning outputs. These…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Canhui Wu , Qiong Cao , Chao Xue , Wei Xi , Xiaodong He

We propose a novel framework, Meta Chain-of-Thought (Meta-CoT), which extends traditional Chain-of-Thought (CoT) by explicitly modeling the underlying reasoning required to arrive at a particular CoT. We present empirical evidence from…

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential in complex reasoning tasks like mathematical problem-solving. However, existing research predominantly relies on reinforcement learning (RL) frameworks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-12 ShaoZhen Liu , Xinting Huang , Houwen Peng , Xin Chen , Xinyang Song , Qi Li , Zhenan Sun

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in reasoning with the emergence of reasoning models like OpenAI-o1 and DeepSeek-R1. Recent research focuses on integrating reasoning capabilities into the realm of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Qi Zhang , Shouqing Yang , Lirong Gao , Hao Chen , Xiaomeng Hu , Jinglei Chen , Jiexiang Wang , Sheng Guo , Bo Zheng , Haobo Wang , Junbo Zhao

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning enhances the decision-making capabilities of vision-language-action models in autonomous driving, but its autoregressive nature introduces significant inference latency, making it impractical for real-time…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Yi Gu , Yan Wang , Yuxiao Chen , Yurong You , Wenjie Luo , Yue Wang , Wenhao Ding , Boyi Li , Heng Yang , Boris Ivanovic , Marco Pavone