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LaTeX is a free document preparation system that handles the typesetting of mathematical expressions smoothly and elegantly. It has become the standard format for creating and publishing research articles in mathematics and many scientific…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Ikechukwu E. Onyenwe , Ebele Onyedinma , Onyedika O. Ikechukwu-Onyenwe , Obinna Agbata , Faustinah N. Tubo

This paper presents a learning-based approach to detecting failures in reactive systems. The technique is based on inferring models of multiple implementations of a common specification which are pair-wise cross-checked for equivalence. Any…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Martin Tappler , Bernhard K. Aichernig , Roderick Bloem

Unit testing is essential for verifying the functional correctness of code modules (e.g., classes, methods), but manually writing unit tests is often labor-intensive and time-consuming. Unit tests generated by tools that employ traditional…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Alex Chudic , Gül Çalıklı

Unit testing is crucial for detecting bugs in individual program units but consumes time and effort. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating unit test cases. However, several problems…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Siqi Gu , Quanjun Zhang , Kecheng Li , Chunrong Fang , Fangyuan Tian , Liuchuan Zhu , Jianyi Zhou , Zhenyu Chen

Property-based testing (PBT), while an established technique in the software testing research community, is still relatively underused in real-world software. Pain points in writing property-based tests include implementing diverse random…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Vasudev Vikram , Caroline Lemieux , Joshua Sunshine , Rohan Padhye

This paper presents a framework to apply property-based testing (PBT) on top of temporal formal models. The aim of this work is to help software engineers to understand temporal models that are presented formally and to make use of the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-05-30 Nasser Alzahrani , Maria Spichkova , Jan Olaf Blech

Software testing is a critical component in the software engineering field and is important for software engineering education. Thus, it is vital for academia to continuously improve and update educational methods to reflect the current…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Tuan-Phong Ngo , Bao-Ngoc Duong , Tuan-Anh Hoang , Joshua Dwight , Ushik Shrestha Khwakhali

A Large Language Model (LLM) represents a cutting-edge artificial intelligence model that generates coherent content, including grammatically precise sentences, human-like paragraphs, and syntactically accurate code snippets. LLMs can play…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-11 Robson Santos , Italo Santos , Cleyton Magalhaes , Ronnie de Souza Santos

Generating tests automatically is a key and ongoing area of focus in software engineering research. The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened up new opportunities, given their ability to perform a wide spectrum of tasks.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-20 Azat Abdullin , Pouria Derakhshanfar , Annibale Panichella

Teaching to improve student models (e.g., knowledge distillation) is an extensively studied methodology in LLMs. However, for humans, teaching improves not only students but also teachers, by fostering more rigorous and clear reasoning as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Xuefei Ning , Zifu Wang , Shiyao Li , Zinan Lin , Peiran Yao , Tianyu Fu , Matthew B. Blaschko , Guohao Dai , Huazhong Yang , Yu Wang

As evaluation designs of large language models may shape our trajectory toward artificial general intelligence, comprehensive and forward-looking assessment is essential. Existing benchmarks primarily assess static knowledge, while…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Jiayin Wang , Zhiquang Guo , Weizhi Ma , Min Zhang

Penetration testing, a crucial industrial practice for ensuring system security, has traditionally resisted automation due to the extensive expertise required by human professionals. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Gelei Deng , Yi Liu , Víctor Mayoral-Vilches , Peng Liu , Yuekang Li , Yuan Xu , Tianwei Zhang , Yang Liu , Martin Pinzger , Stefan Rass

Current model testing work has mostly focused on creating test cases. Identifying what to test is a step that is largely ignored and poorly supported. We propose Weaver, an interactive tool that supports requirements elicitation for guiding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Chenyang Yang , Rishabh Rustogi , Rachel Brower-Sinning , Grace A. Lewis , Christian Kästner , Tongshuang Wu

To improve the performance of large language models (LLMs), researchers have explored providing LLMs with textual task-solving experience via prompts. However, they rely on manual efforts to acquire and apply such experience for each task,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Jinglong Gao , Xiao Ding , Yiming Cui , Jianbai Zhao , Hepeng Wang , Ting Liu , Bing Qin

Random testing (RT) is a well-studied testing method that has been widely applied to the testing of many applications, including embedded software systems, SQL database systems, and Android applications. Adaptive random testing (ART) aims…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Rubing Huang , Weifeng Sun , Yinyin Xu , Haibo Chen , Dave Towey , Xin Xia

Unit testing is essential for software reliability, yet manual test creation is time-consuming and often neglected. Search-based software testing improves efficiency but produces tests with poor readability and maintainability, while LLMs…

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into various software applications raises concerns about their potential biases. Typically, those models are trained on a vast amount of data scrapped from forums, websites, social media and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Sergio Morales , Robert Clarisó , Jordi Cabot

The rapid expansion of English technical terminology presents a significant challenge to traditional expert-based standardization, particularly in rapidly developing areas such as artificial intelligence and quantum computing. Manual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Li Weigang , Pedro Carvalho Brom

Adaptive learning technology solutions often use a learner model to trace learning and make pedagogical decisions. The present research introduces a formalized methodology for specifying learner models, Logistic Knowledge Tracing (LKT),…

Applications · Statistics 2021-12-14 Philip I. Pavlik, , Luke G. Eglington , Leigh M. Harrell-Williams

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on complex tasks through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. However, conventional CoT relies on explicitly verbalized intermediate steps, which constrains its broader…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Xinghao Chen , Anhao Zhao , Heming Xia , Xuan Lu , Hanlin Wang , Yanjun Chen , Wei Zhang , Jian Wang , Wenjie Li , Xiaoyu Shen