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Laravel has emerged as a foundational framework in university web development curricula. However, despite its scaffolding capabilities, students often struggle to complete projects within limited academic timelines. This conceptual paper…

Existing iterative compilation and machine-learning-based optimization techniques have been proven very successful in achieving better optimizations than the standard optimization levels of a compiler. However, they were not engineered to…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Kyriakos Georgiou , Zbigniew Chamski , Andres Amaya Garcia , David May , Kerstin Eder

This study investigates small-scale pretraining for Small Language Models (SLMs) to enable efficient use of limited data and compute, improve accessibility in low-resource settings and reduce costs. To enhance long-context extrapolation in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Ruizhe Huang , Kexuan Zhang , Yihao Fang , Baifeng Yu

Discovering novel stable molecules without training data remains a grand scientific challenge. Current molecular generative models are trained on large, pre-curated datasets, which introduce biases and limit exploration of novel chemistry.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Bjarke Hastrup , Francois Cornet , Tejs Vegge , Arghya Bhowmik

As one of the most representative DL techniques, Transformer architecture has empowered numerous advanced models, especially the large language models (LLMs) that comprise billions of parameters, becoming a cornerstone in deep learning.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Haohao Qu , Liangbo Ning , Rui An , Wenqi Fan , Tyler Derr , Hui Liu , Xin Xu , Qing Li

The increasing popularity of deep learning models has created new opportunities for developing AI-based recommender systems. Designing recommender systems using deep neural networks requires careful architecture design, and further…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Tunhou Zhang , Dehua Cheng , Yuchen He , Zhengxing Chen , Xiaoliang Dai , Liang Xiong , Yudong Liu , Feng Cheng , Yufan Cao , Feng Yan , Hai Li , Yiran Chen , Wei Wen

Compositional generalization is the ability of a model to generalize to complex, previously unseen types of combinations of entities from just having seen the primitives. This type of generalization is particularly relevant to the semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Amogh Mannekote

The dominance of large decoder-only language models has overshadowed encoder-decoder architectures, despite their fundamental efficiency advantages in sequence processing. For small language models (SLMs) - those with 1 billion parameters…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Mohamed Elfeki , Rui Liu , Chad Voegele

The design space of agentic AI inference spans two extremes: frontier large language models (LLMs), typically hosted in the cloud and offering strong performance across a wide range of tasks at substantially high cost, and more…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Corrado Rainone , Davide Belli , Bence Major , Arash Behboodi

Linear RNN architectures, like Mamba, can be competitive with Transformer models in language modeling while having advantageous deployment characteristics. Given the focus on training large-scale Transformer models, we consider the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Junxiong Wang , Daniele Paliotta , Avner May , Alexander M. Rush , Tri Dao

The predominant knowledge-based approach to automated model construction, compositional modelling, employs a set of models of particular functional components. Its inference mechanism takes a scenario describing the constituent interacting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-07-04 J. Keppens , Q. Shen

Recent progress in leveraging large language models (LLMs) has enabled Neural Architecture Design (NAD) systems to generate new architecture not limited from manually predefined search space. Nevertheless, LLM-driven generation remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Gyusam Chang , Jeongyoon Yoon , Shin han yi , JaeHyeok Lee , Sujin Jang , Sangpil Kim

Because loops execute their body many times, compiler developers place much emphasis on their optimization. Nevertheless, in view of highly diverse source code and hardware, compilers still struggle to produce optimal target code. The sheer…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Rahim Mammadli , Marija Selakovic , Felix Wolf , Michael Pradel

In this letter, we formulate a compositional distributed learning framework for multi-view perception by leveraging the maximal coding rate reduction principle combined with subspace basis fusion. In the proposed algorithm, each agent…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-13 Zhuojun Tian , Mehdi Bennis

Selective state-space models (SSMs) like Mamba overcome some of the shortcomings of Transformers, such as quadratic computational complexity with sequence length and large inference-time memory requirements from the key-value cache.…

Neural Architecture Search aims at automatically finding neural architectures that are competitive with architectures designed by human experts. While recent approaches have achieved state-of-the-art predictive performance for image…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-27 Thomas Elsken , Jan Hendrik Metzen , Frank Hutter

Looped Transformers offer a promising alternative to purely feed-forward computation by iteratively refining latent representations, improving language modeling and reasoning. Yet recurrent architectures remain unstable to train, costly to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jacob Fein-Ashley , Paria Rashidinejad

Selecting appropriate inductive biases is an essential step in the design of machine learning models, especially when working with audio, where even short clips may contain millions of samples. To this end, we propose the combolutional…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Cameron Churchwell , Minje Kim , Paris Smaragdis

In recent years, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have garnered significant attention from both industry and academia. However, there is still considerable debate on constructing MLLM architectures, particularly regarding the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Junyan Lin , Haoran Chen , Dawei Zhu , Xiaoyu Shen

Transformer plays a vital role in the realms of natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV), specially for constructing large language models (LLM) and large vision models (LVM). Model compression methods reduce the memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Yehui Tang , Yunhe Wang , Jianyuan Guo , Zhijun Tu , Kai Han , Hailin Hu , Dacheng Tao