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There is currently a large interest in understanding the potential advantages quantum devices can offer for probabilistic modelling. In this work we investigate, within two different oracle models, the probably approximately correct (PAC)…

Parity functions are fundamental Boolean operations with critical applications across machine learning, cryptography, and error correction. Yet, learning high-dimensional parity functions poses significant challenges: in a general setting,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Guillaume Larue , Louis-Adrien Dufrène , Quentin Lampin , Hadi Ghauch , Ghaya Rekaya

An active area of investigation in the search for quantum advantage is Quantum Machine Learning. Quantum Machine Learning, and Parameterized Quantum Circuits in a hybrid quantum-classical setup in particular, could bring advancements in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-01 Thomas Hubregtsen , Josef Pichlmeier , Patrick Stecher , Koen Bertels

We propose an efficient algorithm for partitioning Pauli strings into subgroups, which can be simultaneously measured in a single quantum circuit. Our partitioning algorithm drastically reduces the total number of measurements in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-07 Tomochika Kurita , Mikio Morita , Hirotaka Oshima , Shintaro Sato

The Pauli-based Circuit Optimization, Analysis and Synthesis Toolchain (PCOAST) was recently introduced as a framework for optimizing quantum circuits. It converts a quantum circuit to a Pauli-based graph representation and provides a set…

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is an extensively studied variational quantum algorithm utilized for solving optimization problems on near-term quantum devices. A significant focus is placed on determining the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-11 Yanqi Song , Yusen Wu , Sujuan Qin , Qiaoyan Wen , Jingbo B. Wang , Fei Gao

The error threshold of a one-parameter family of quantum channels is defined as the largest noise level such that the quantum capacity of the channel remains positive. This in turn guarantees the existence of a quantum error correction code…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-29 Johannes Bausch , Felix Leditzky

We present a novel framework for Linear Combination of Unitaries (LCU)-style decomposition tailored to structured sparse matrices, which frequently arise in the numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs). While LCU is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Abeynaya Gnanasekaran , Amit Surana

Quantum error correction is necessary to perform large-scale quantum computations in the presence of noise and decoherence. As a result, several aspects of quantum error correction have already been explored. These have been primarily…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-05 Ariel Shlosberg , Anthony M. Polloreno , Graeme Smith

To study generator design for parameterized unitaries in quantum machine learning (QML), we propose an observable-guided generator selection algorithm for $ n $-qubit Pauli-string generator pools. The proposed method selects generators…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-20 Hiroshi Ohno

In this paper we study the quantum learnability of constant-depth classical circuits under the uniform distribution and in the distribution-independent framework of PAC learning. In order to attain our results, we establish connections…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-20 Srinivasan Arunachalam , Alex B. Grilo , Aarthi Sundaram

Simultaneous measurement of multiple Pauli strings (tensor products of Pauli matrices) is the basis for efficient measurement of observables on quantum computers by partitioning the observable into commuting sets of Pauli strings. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-21 Bence Csakany , Alex J. W. Thom

We introduce a new model of membership query (MQ) learning, where the learning algorithm is restricted to query points that are \emph{close} to random examples drawn from the underlying distribution. The learning model is intermediate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-04-19 Pranjal Awasthi , Vitaly Feldman , Varun Kanade

We introduce a general framework for constructing compact quantum circuits that implement the real-time evolution of Hamiltonians of the form $H = \sigma P_B$, where $\sigma$ is a Pauli string commuting with a projection operator $P_B$ onto…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-22 Franz G. Fuchs , Ruben P. Bassa

Structured variational quantum algorithms such as the Quantum Approximate Optimisation Algorithm (QAOA) have emerged as leading candidates for exploiting advantages of near-term quantum hardware. They interlace classical computation, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Vincent Eichenseher , Maja Franz , Christian Wolff , Wolfgang Mauerer

The current generation of quantum computing technologies call for quantum algorithms that require a limited number of qubits and quantum gates, and which are robust against errors. A suitable design approach are variational circuits where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-10 Maria Schuld , Alex Bocharov , Krysta Svore , Nathan Wiebe

Many quantum computing workflows manipulate long lists of Pauli strings. A basic classical subroutine involves taking $m$ Pauli strings on $n$ qubits, each of weight bounded by a constant, to determine if they are pairwise commuting,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-13 Hyunho Cha , Jungwoo Lee

We give an efficient algorithm for learning a binary function in a given class C of bounded VC dimension, with training data distributed according to P and test data according to Q, where P and Q may be arbitrary distributions over X. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Adam Kalai , Varun Kanade

In this work, we initiate the study of learning quantum processes from quantum statistical queries. We focus on two fundamental learning tasks in this new access model: shadow tomography of quantum processes and process tomography with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-14 Chirag Wadhwa , Mina Doosti

As quantum computing hardware steadily increases in qubit count and quality, one important question is how to allocate these resources to mitigate the effects of hardware noise. In a transitional era between noisy small-scale and fully…