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We introduce a simple, yet novel entropy-based framework to drive token efficiency in large language models during reasoning tasks. Our approach uses Shannon entropy from token-level logprobs as a confidence signal to enable early stopping,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Aman Sharma , Paras Chopra

Decoding strategies play a central role in shaping the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs). Traditional methods such as greedy decoding and beam search often suffer from error propagation, while sampling-based approaches…

Large Reasoning Language Models (LRLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities on complex tasks by utilizing long Chain-of-Thought reasoning. However, they are prone to overthinking, which generates redundant reasoning steps that degrade both…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Weixin Guan , Liang Li , Jiapeng Liu , Bing Li , Peng Fu , Chengyang Fang , Xiaoshuai Hao , Can Ma , Weiping Wang

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) often suffer from \emph{overthinking}, a phenomenon in which redundant reasoning steps are generated after a correct solution has already been reached. Existing early reasoning exit methods primarily rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Kang Liu , Yongkang Liu , Xiaocui Yang , Peidong Wang , Wen Zhang , Shi Feng , Yifei Zhang , Daling Wang

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) often suffer from overthinking, generating unnecessarily long reasoning chains even for simple tasks. This leads to substantial computational overhead with limited performance gain, primarily due to redundant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Ruichu Cai , Haopeng Du , Qingwen Lin , Yutong Chen , Zijian Li , Boyan Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable reasoning abilities on complex problems using long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. However, they often suffer from overthinking, meaning generating unnecessarily lengthy reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yi Bin , Tianyi Jiang , Yujuan Ding , Kainian Zhu , Fei Ma , Jingkuan Song , Yang Yang , Heng Tao Shen

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning improves large language models (LLMs) on difficult tasks, but it also makes inference expensive because every intermediate step must be generated as a discrete token. Latent reasoning reduces visible token…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Xuan Li , Yining Wang , Yuchen Liu , Guanjun Liu , Delai Qiu , Shengping Liu , Jiaen Liang , Wei Huang , Jun Yu , Junnan Zhu

While LLMs have seen substantial improvement in reasoning capabilities, they also sometimes overthink, generating unnecessary reasoning steps, particularly under uncertainty, given ill-posed or ambiguous queries. We introduce statistically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yangxinyu Xie , Tao Wang , Soham Mallick , Yan Sun , Georgy Noarov , Mengxin Yu , Tanwi Mallick , Weijie J. Su , Edgar Dobriban

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting enhances reasoning in large language models (LLMs) but often leads to verbose and redundant outputs, thus increasing inference cost. We hypothesize that many reasoning steps are unnecessary for producing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xin Liu , Lu Wang

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning has become the default strategy for enhancing LLM capabilities, yet its application raises a fundamental question: when is explicit reasoning actually beneficial? Empirical evidence reveals a striking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Wei Xia , Haoqing Wang , Zhi-Hong Deng , Yehui Tang

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have achieved impressive performance on challenging tasks, yet their deep reasoning often incurs substantial computational costs. To achieve efficient reasoning, existing reinforcement learning methods still…

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve strong performance through explicit chain-of-thought reasoning but suffer from \textit{overthinking}: generating excessive reasoning tokens even for trivial queries. {Beyond inflating cost, overthinking…

Large reasoning models (LRMs) have achieved remarkable performance in complex reasoning tasks, driven by their powerful inference-time scaling capability. However, LRMs often suffer from overthinking, which results in substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Yang Xiang , Yixin Ji , Ruotao Xu , Dan Qiao , Zheming Yang , Juntao Li , Min Zhang

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) achieve strong performance by generating long chains of thought (CoT), but often overthink, continuing to reason after a solution has already stabilized and thereby wasting tokens and increasing latency.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Dehai Min , Giovanni Vaccarino , Huiyi Chen , Yongliang Wu , Gal Yona , Lu Cheng

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning has driven recent gains of large language models (LLMs) on reasoning-intensive tasks by externalizing intermediate steps. However, excessive or redundant reasoning -- so-called overthinking -- can increase…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Renliang Sun , Wei Cheng , Dawei Li , Haifeng Chen , Wei Wang

Despite their strong performance on reasoning tasks, large reasoning models (LRMs) often suffer from overthinking, producing unnecessarily long outputs and incurring high end-to-end latency, a significant limitation to their real-world…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Rubing Yang , Huajun Bai , Song Liu , Guanghua Yu , Runzhi Fan , Yanbin Dang , Jiejing Zhang , Kai Liu , Jianchen Zhu , Peng Chen

Recent advances in large reasoning language models (LRLMs) rely on test-time scaling, which extends long chain-of-thought (CoT) generation to solve complex tasks. However, overthinking in long CoT not only slows down the efficiency of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Chenxu Yang , Qingyi Si , Yongjie Duan , Zheliang Zhu , Chenyu Zhu , Qiaowei Li , Minghui Chen , Zheng Lin , Weiping Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in complex tasks. Recent advancements in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), such as OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek-R1, have further improved performance in System-2 reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Yang Sui , Yu-Neng Chuang , Guanchu Wang , Jiamu Zhang , Tianyi Zhang , Jiayi Yuan , Hongyi Liu , Andrew Wen , Shaochen Zhong , Na Zou , Hanjie Chen , Xia Hu

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) often rely on generating intermediate reasoning steps to enhance accuracy. However, little work has examined how reasoning utility contributes to the final answer's correctness. Due to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Xu Guo

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have achieved impressive performance on complex reasoning tasks by generating detailed chain-of-thought (CoT) explanations. However, these responses are often excessively long, containing redundant reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Chen Huang , Wei Lu , Wenxuan Zhang
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