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Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) enable parallel text generation by iteratively denoising a fully masked sequence, unmasking a subset of masked tokens at each step. Existing decoding strategies rely on static confidence metrics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yue Wu , Jian Huang

Diffusion Language Models (dLLMs) have emerged as promising alternatives to Auto-Regressive (AR) models. While recent efforts have validated their pre-training potential and accelerated inference speeds, the post-training landscape for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Ying Zhu , Jiaxin Wan , Xiaoran Liu , Siyang He , Qiqi Wang , Xu Guo , Tianyi Liang , Zengfeng Huang , Ziwei He , Xipeng Qiu

Knowledge conflict arises from discrepancies between information in the context of a large language model (LLM) and the knowledge stored in its parameters. This can hurt performance when using standard decoding techniques, which tend to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Han Wang , Archiki Prasad , Elias Stengel-Eskin , Mohit Bansal

Aiming at solving large-scale learning problems, this paper studies distributed optimization methods based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). By formulating the learning problem as a consensus problem, the ADMM can…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-05-04 Tsung-Hui Chang , Mingyi Hong , Wei-Cheng Liao , Xiangfeng Wang

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) offer a promising alternative to autoregressive models, but their practical utility is severely hampered by slow, iterative sampling. We present SchED, a training-free, model-agnostic early-exit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Amr Mohamed , Yang Zhang , Michalis Vazirgiannis , Guokan Shang

Diffusion language models (DLMs) generate text through iterative denoising, but inference requires full-sequence attention at every iteration, resulting in substantial redundant computation on masked tokens. Block-wise diffusion can reduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Fengrui Zuo , Zhiwei Ke , Yiming Liu , Wenqi Lou , Chao Wang , Xuehai Zhou

Recently, Diffusion Large Language Models (DLLMs) have offered high throughput and effective sequential reasoning, making them a competitive alternative to autoregressive LLMs (ALLMs). However, parallel decoding, which enables simultaneous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Qiguang Chen , Hanjing Li , Libo Qin , Dengyun Peng , Jinhao Liu , Jiangyi Wang , Chengyue Wu , Xie Chen , Yantao Du , Wanxiang Che

We propose an acceleration scheme for large language models (LLMs) through Speculative Decoding with Semantic Adaptive Tokens (SDSAT). The primary objective of this design is to enhance the LLM model's ability to generate draft tokens more…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Chengbo Liu , Yong Zhu

Discrete diffusion language models have shown strong potential for text generation, yet standard supervised fine-tuning (SFT) misaligns with their semi-autoregressive inference: training randomly masks tokens across the entire response,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Bowen Sun , Yujun Cai , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Yiwei Wang

Large Language Model (LLM) inference systems present significant challenges in statistical performance characterization due to dynamic workload variations, diverse hardware architectures, and complex interactions between model size, batch…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Kaustabha Ray , Nelson Mimura Gonzalez , Bruno Wassermann , Rachel Tzoref-Brill , Dean H. Lorenz

Recently, Automated Vulnerability Localization (AVL) has attracted growing attention, aiming to facilitate diagnosis by pinpointing the specific lines of code responsible for vulnerabilities. Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Jian Zhang , Chong Wang , Anran Li , Weisong Sun , Cen Zhang , Wei Ma , Yang Liu

Autoregressive (AR) language models and Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) constitute the two principal paradigms of large language models. However, both paradigms suffer from insufficient reasoning capabilities. Human reasoning inherently…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Kairong Han , Nuanqiao Shan , Ziyu Zhao , Zijing Hu , Xinpeng Dong , Junjian Ye , Lujia Pan , Fei Wu , Kun Kuang

Diffusion large language models (dLLMs) generate text through iterative denoising. In commonly adopted parallel decoding schemes, each step confirms only high-confidence positions while remasking the others. By analyzing dLLM denoising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Kangyu Wang , Zhiyun Jiang , Haibo Feng , Weijia Zhao , Lin Liu , Jianguo Li , Zhenzhong Lan , Weiyao Lin

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive performance in generative tasks but also introduce significant challenges in real-world serving due to inefficient use of the expensive, computation-optimized accelerators.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Shaoyuan Chen , Wencong Xiao , Yutong Lin , Mingxing Zhang , Yingdi Shan , Jinlei Jiang , Kang Chen , Yongwei Wu

This work studies how to adaptively recompute key-value (KV) caches for diffusion large language models (DLMs) to maximize prediction accuracy while minimizing decoding latency. Prior methods' decoders recompute QKV for all tokens at every…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Quan Nguyen-Tri , Mukul Ranjan , Zhiqiang Shen

We present a controlled empirical comparison between autoregressive (AR) and masked diffusion (MDLM) language models. Both models are trained on identical data (50M tokens from TinyStories), identical compute budget (20,000 steps, batch…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Caio Vicentino

Processing long-form videos with Video Large Language Models (Video-LLMs) is computationally prohibitive. Current efficiency methods often compromise fine-grained perception through irreversible information disposal or inhibit long-range…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Handong Li , Zikang Liu , Longteng Guo , Tongtian Yue , Yepeng Tang , Xinxin Zhu , Chuanyang Zheng , Ziming Wang , Zhibin Wang , Jun Song , Cheng Yu , Bo Zheng , Jing Liu

This paper provides an in-depth examination of the concept of semantic diffusion as a complementary instrument to large language models (LLMs) for design applications. Conventional LLMs and diffusion models fail to induce a convergent,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Alexander P. Ryjov , Alina A. Egorova

Speculative decoding (SD) has become a popular technique to accelerate Large Language Model (LLM) inference, yet its real-world effectiveness remains unclear as prior evaluations rely on research prototypes and unrealistically small batch…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Xiaoxuan Liu , Jiaxiang Yu , Jongseok Park , Ion Stoica , Alvin Cheung

With the increasing complexity and rapid expansion of the scale of AI systems in cloud platforms, the log data generated during system operation is massive, unstructured, and semantically ambiguous, which brings great challenges to fault…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Cheng Ji , Huaiying Luo
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