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Text-to-image retrieval aims to find the relevant images based on a text query, which is important in various use-cases, such as digital libraries, e-commerce, and multimedia databases. Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Zijun Long , Xuri Ge , Richard Mccreadie , Joemon Jose

Composed image retrieval (CIR) is a new and flexible image retrieval paradigm, which can retrieve the target image for a multimodal query, including a reference image and its corresponding modification text. Although existing efforts have…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Haokun Wen , Xian Zhang , Xuemeng Song , Yinwei Wei , Liqiang Nie

The Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) task aims to retrieve target images using a composed query consisting of a reference image and a modified text. Advanced methods often utilize contrastive learning as the optimization objective, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Zhangchi Feng , Richong Zhang , Zhijie Nie

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR), which aims to find a target image from a reference image and a modification text, presents the core challenge of performing unified reasoning across visual and semantic modalities. While current approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Weihuang Lin , Yiwei Ma , Jiayi Ji , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji

The Zero-Shot Sketch-based Image Retrieval (ZS-SBIR) is a challenging task because of the large domain gap between sketches and natural images as well as the semantic inconsistency between seen and unseen categories. Previous literature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Yu-Wei Zhan , Xin Luo , Yongxin Wang , Zhen-Duo Chen , Xin-Shun Xu

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) aims to retrieve target images based on a hybrid query comprising a reference image and a modification text. Early dual-tower Vision-Language Models (VLMs) struggle with cross-modality compositional reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Tianyu Yang , Chenwei He , Xiangzhao Hao , Tianyue Wang , Jiarui Guo , Haiyun Guo , Leigang Qu , Jinqiao Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

Sketch-based image retrieval (SBIR) relies on free-hand sketches to retrieve natural photos within the same class. However, its practical application is limited by its inability to retrieve classes absent from the training set. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Yang Liu , Jiale Du , Xinbo Gao , Jungong Han

Zero-shot sketch-based image retrieval (ZS-SBIR) is a specific cross-modal retrieval task for retrieving natural images with free-hand sketches under zero-shot scenario. Previous works mostly focus on modeling the correspondence between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-21 Xinxun Xu , Hao Wang , Leida Li , Cheng Deng

Given a query and a document corpus, the information retrieval (IR) task is to output a ranked list of relevant documents. Combining large language models (LLMs) with embedding-based retrieval models, recent work shows promising results on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Daman Arora , Anush Kini , Sayak Ray Chowdhury , Nagarajan Natarajan , Gaurav Sinha , Amit Sharma

The evaluation of machine-generated image captions poses an interesting yet persistent challenge. Effective evaluation measures must consider numerous dimensions of similarity, including semantic relevance, visual structure, object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-26 David Chan , Suzanne Petryk , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Trevor Darrell , John Canny

Composed image retrieval (CIR) addresses the task of retrieving a target image by jointly interpreting a reference image and a modification text that specifies the intended change. Most existing methods are still built upon contrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Geon Park , Ji-Hoon Park , Seong-Whan Lee

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) facilitates image retrieval through a multimodal query consisting of a reference image and modification text. The reference image defines the retrieval context, while the modification text specifies desired…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Zixu Li , Zhiheng Fu , Yupeng Hu , Zhiwei Chen , Haokun Wen , Liqiang Nie

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) is a challenging image retrieval paradigm. It aims to retrieve target images from large-scale image databases that are consistent with the modification semantics, based on a multimodal query composed of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Mingyu Zhang , Zixu Li , Zhiwei Chen , Zhiheng Fu , Xiaowei Zhu , Jiajia Nie , Yinwei Wei , Yupeng Hu

Query Reformulation (QR) is a set of techniques used to transform a user's original search query to a text that better aligns with the user's intent and improves their search experience. Recently, zero-shot QR has been a promising approach…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Kaustubh D. Dhole , Ramraj Chandradevan , Eugene Agichtein

In this paper, we study the problem of zero-shot sketch-based image retrieval (ZS-SBIR). The prior methods tackle the problem in a two-modality setting with only category labels or even no textual information involved. However, the growing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Hanwen Su , Ge Song , Kai Huang , Jiyan Wang , Ming Yang

Although Large language Model (LLM)-powered information extraction (IE) systems have shown impressive capabilities, current fine-tuning paradigms face two major limitations: high training costs and difficulties in aligning with LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yushen Fang , Jianjun Li , Mingqian Ding , Chang Liu , Xinchi Zou , Wenqi Yang

We propose a novel framework for cross-modal zero-shot learning (ZSL) in the context of sketch-based image retrieval (SBIR). Conventionally, the SBIR schema mainly considers simultaneous mappings among the two image views and the semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Ushasi Chaudhuri , Biplab Banerjee , Avik Bhattacharya , Mihai Datcu

Albeit progress has been made in Composed Image Retrieval (CIR), we empirically find that a certain percentage of failure retrieval results are not consistent with their relative captions. To address this issue, this work provides a Visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Chun-Mei Feng , Yang Bai , Tao Luo , Zhen Li , Salman Khan , Wangmeng Zuo , Xinxing Xu , Rick Siow Mong Goh , Yong Liu

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) aims to search an image of interest using a combination of a reference image and modification text as the query. Despite recent advancements, this task remains challenging due to limited training data and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Yinan Zhou , Yaxiong Wang , Haokun Lin , Chen Ma , Li Zhu , Zhedong Zheng

Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) retrieves target images using a reference image paired with modification text. Despite rapid advances, all existing methods and datasets operate at the image level -- a single reference image plus modification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Peng Yuan , Bingyin Mei , Hui Zhang