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Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) are increasingly integrated into daily applications, yet their generative biases remain underexplored. Existing speech fairness benchmarks rely on synthetic speech and Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs),…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-21 Yi-Cheng Lin , Yusuke Hirota , Sung-Feng Huang , Hung-yi Lee

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) excel at semantic and paralinguistic tasks, yet their ability to perceive the fundamental physical attributes of audio such as pitch, loudness, and spatial location remains under-explored. To bridge this…

In the era of extensive intersection between art and Artificial Intelligence (AI), such as image generation and fiction co-creation, AI for music remains relatively nascent, particularly in music understanding. This is evident in the…

Conversational agents are increasingly deployed in knowledge-intensive settings, where correct behavior depends on retrieving and applying domain-specific knowledge from large, proprietary, and unstructured corpora during live interactions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Quan Shi , Alexandra Zytek , Pedram Razavi , Karthik Narasimhan , Victor Barres

While Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have been shown to exhibit degraded instruction-following capabilities, their ability to infer task patterns from in-context examples under audio conditioning remains unstudied. To address this gap,…

Conventional audio equalization is a static process that requires manual and cumbersome adjustments to adapt to changing listening contexts (e.g., mood, location, or social setting). In this paper, we introduce a Large Language Model…

Knowledge editing enables targeted updates without retraining, but prior work focuses on textual or visual facts, leaving abstract auditory perceptual knowledge underexplored. We introduce SAKE, the first benchmark for editing perceptual…

English Natural Language Understanding (NLU) systems have achieved great performances and even outperformed humans on benchmarks like GLUE and SuperGLUE. However, these benchmarks contain only textbook Standard American English (SAE). Other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Caleb Ziems , Jiaao Chen , Camille Harris , Jessica Anderson , Diyi Yang

An ideal multimodal agent should be aware of the quality of its input modalities. Recent advances have enabled large language models (LLMs) to incorporate auditory systems for handling various speech-related tasks. However, most audio LLMs…

As generative AI becomes increasingly embedded in everyday workflows, it is important to evaluate its performance in ways that reflect real-world usage rather than abstract notions of intelligence. Unlike many existing benchmarks that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Justin K Miller , Wenjia Tang

Understanding the internal mechanisms of large audio-language models (LALMs) is crucial for interpreting their behavior and improving performance. This work presents the first in-depth analysis of how LALMs internally perceive and recognize…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Chih-Kai Yang , Neo Ho , Yi-Jyun Lee , Hung-yi Lee

This survey paper provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements and challenges in applying large language models to the field of audio signal processing. Audio processing, with its diverse signal representations and a wide…

While Large Audio-Language Models (LALMs) have advanced audio captioning, robust evaluation remains difficult. Reference-based metrics are expensive and often fail to assess acoustic fidelity, while Contrastive Language-Audio Pretraining…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Insung Lee , Taeyoung Jeong , Haejun Yoo , Du-Seong Chang , Myoung-Wan Koo

The ability of language models to comprehend and interact in diverse linguistic and cultural landscapes is crucial. The Cantonese language used in Hong Kong presents unique challenges for natural language processing due to its rich cultural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Tsz Chung Cheng , Chung Shing Cheng , Chaak Ming Lau , Eugene Tin-Ho Lam , Chun Yat Wong , Hoi On Yu , Cheuk Hei Chong

Recent advancements in audio tokenization have significantly enhanced the integration of audio capabilities into large language models (LLMs). However, audio understanding and generation are often treated as distinct tasks, hindering the…

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) still struggle in complex acoustic scenes because they often fail to preserve task-relevant acoustic evidence before reasoning begins. We identify this error pattern as the evidence bottleneck:…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xinyuan Xie , Shunian Chen , Zhiheng Liu , Yuhao Zhang , Zhiqiang Lv , Liyin Liang , Benyou Wang

Sentiment analysis in low-resource, culturally nuanced contexts challenges conventional NLP approaches that assume fixed labels and universal affective expressions. We present a diagnostic framework that treats sentiment as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Millicent Ochieng , Anja Thieme , Ignatius Ezeani , Risa Ueno , Samuel Maina , Keshet Ronen , Javier Gonzalez , Jacki O'Neill

Vietnamese Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) remains challenging due to ambiguous acoustic patterns and the lack of reliable annotated data, especially in real-world conditions where emotional boundaries are not clearly separable. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Truc Nguyen , Then Tran , Binh Truong , Phuoc Nguyen T. H

Existing Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) generally focus on only a few regions and languages. As LMMs continue to improve, it is increasingly important to ensure they understand cultural contexts, respect local sensitivities, and support…

Recent advancements in large audio language models (LALMs) have demonstrated impressive results and promising prospects in universal understanding and reasoning across speech, music, and general sound. However, these models still lack the…