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The brain computer interface (BCI) is a nonstimulatory direct and occasionally bidirectional communication link between the brain and a computer or an external device. Classically, EEG-based BCI algorithms have relied on models such as…

Reliable long-term decoding of surface electromyography (EMG) is hindered by signal drift caused by electrode shifts, muscle fatigue, and posture changes. While state-of-the-art models achieve high intra-session accuracy, their performance…

Electroencephalography (EEG) serves as an essential diagnostic tool in neurology; however, its accurate manual interpretation is a time-intensive process that demands highly specialized expertise, which remains relatively scarce and not…

Electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) face significant deployment challenges due to inter-subject variability, signal non-stationarity, and computational constraints. While test-time adaptation (TTA) mitigates…

Electroencephalography (EEG) is widely researched for neural decoding in Brain Computer Interfaces (BCIs) as it is non-invasive, portable, and economical. However, EEG signals suffer from inter- and intra-subject variability, leading to…

Accurate prediction of the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in intensive care units (ICUs) patients is crucial for timely interventions and resource allocation. However, variability in patient populations, clinical practices,…

Self-supervised learning addresses the challenge encountered by many supervised methods, i.e. the requirement of large amounts of annotated data. This challenge is particularly pronounced in fields such as the electroencephalography (EEG)…

Deep learning techniques have revolutionised medical imaging, improving diagnostic accuracy and enabling both more accurate and earlier disease detection. However, the relationship between pre-training strategies and downstream performance…

Language models (LMs) pretrained on a large text corpus and fine-tuned on a downstream text corpus and fine-tuned on a downstream task becomes a de facto training strategy for several natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Recently, an…

Electroencephalograms (EEGs) are brain dynamics measured outside the brain, which have been widely utilized in non-invasive brain-computer interface applications. Recently, various neural network approaches have been proposed to improve the…

Diffusion model alignment aims to bridge the gap between generated outputs and human preferences by enhancing both semantic consistency with textual prompts and overall visual quality. Existing alignment methods face a challenging…

Deep learning for decoding EEG signals has gained traction, with many claims to state-of-the-art accuracy. However, despite the convincing benchmark performance, successful translation to real applications is limited. The frequent…

Alignment between image and text has shown promising improvements on patch-level pre-trained document image models. However, investigating more effective or finer-grained alignment techniques during pre-training requires a large amount of…

Evaluating foundation models under appropriate adaptation settings is essential for understanding the quality and transferability of the learned representations. Recent EEG foundation models have demonstrated promising transfer capabilities…

Understanding and decoding brain activity from electroencephalography (EEG) signals is a fundamental challenge in neuroscience and AI, with applications in cognition, emotion recognition, diagnosis, and brain-computer interfaces. While…

Pre-training on time series poses a unique challenge due to the potential mismatch between pre-training and target domains, such as shifts in temporal dynamics, fast-evolving trends, and long-range and short-cyclic effects, which can lead…

The training of deep neural networks is inherently a nonconvex optimization problem, yet standard approaches such as stochastic gradient descent (SGD) require simultaneous updates to all parameters, often leading to unstable convergence and…

The decoding of electroencephalography (EEG) signals allows access to user intentions conveniently, which plays an important role in the fields of human-machine interaction. To effectively extract sufficient characteristics of the…

Electroencephalography (EEG) provides a non-invasive window into neural dynamics at high temporal resolution and plays a pivotal role in clinical neuroscience research. Despite this potential, prevailing computational approaches to EEG…

Despite the impressive advancements achieved using deep-learning for functional brain activity analysis, the heterogeneity of functional patterns and scarcity of imaging data still pose challenges in tasks such as prediction of future onset…