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Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have become a standard approach for semi-supervised node classification, yet practitioners lack clear guidance on when GCNs provide meaningful improvements over simpler baselines. We present a diagnostic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Nischal Subedi , Ember Kerstetter , Winnie Li , Silo Murphy

Recovering an image from a noisy observation is a key problem in signal processing. Recently, it has been shown that data-driven approaches employing convolutional neural networks can outperform classical model-based techniques, because…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-05-30 Diego Valsesia , Giulia Fracastoro , Enrico Magli

Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) have become a crucial tool on learning representations of graph vertices. The main challenge of adapting GCNs on large-scale graphs is the scalability issue that it incurs heavy cost both in computation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-20 Wenbing Huang , Tong Zhang , Yu Rong , Junzhou Huang

Graph neural networks (GNNs) provide a powerful and scalable solution for modeling continuous spatial data. However, they often rely on Euclidean distances to construct the input graphs. This assumption can be improbable in many real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Konstantin Klemmer , Nathan Safir , Daniel B. Neill

Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) enable end-to-end learning on graph structured data. However, many works assume a given graph structure. When the input graph is noisy or unavailable, one approach is to construct or learn a latent graph…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Avishkar Saha , Oscar Mendez , Chris Russell , Richard Bowden

We propose a novel pool-based Active Learning framework constructed on a sequential Graph Convolution Network (GCN). Each image's feature from a pool of data represents a node in the graph and the edges encode their similarities. With a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-02 Razvan Caramalau , Binod Bhattarai , Tae-Kyun Kim

Graph convolutional network (GCN) is an emerging neural network approach. It learns new representation of a node by aggregating feature vectors of all neighbors in the aggregation process without considering whether the neighbors or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Li Zhang , Heda Song , Nikolaos Aletras , Haiping Lu

Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have gained popularity due to high performance achievable on several downstream tasks including node classification. Several architectural variants of these networks have been proposed and investigated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-09 Rahul Ragesh , Sundararajan Sellamanickam , Vijay Lingam , Arun Iyer

This paper introduces a generalization of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) from low-dimensional grid data, such as images, to graph-structured data. We propose a novel spatial convolution utilizing a random walk to uncover the relations…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-04-27 Yotam Hechtlinger , Purvasha Chakravarti , Jining Qin

With the rapid expansion of mobile phone networks in developing countries, large-scale graph machine learning has gained sudden relevance in the study of global poverty. Recent applications range from humanitarian response and poverty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-01 Muhammad Raza Khan , Joshua E. Blumenstock

Detecting and mapping informal settlements encompasses several of the United Nations sustainable development goals. This is because informal settlements are home to the most socially and economically vulnerable people on the planet. Thus,…

Spatial networks are useful for modeling geographic phenomena where spatial interaction plays an important role. To analyze the spatial networks and their internal structures, graph-based methods such as community detection have been widely…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Yunlei Liang , Jiawei Zhu , Wen Ye , Song Gao

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been proved powerful in graph-oriented tasks. However, many real-world graphs are heterophilous, challenging the homophily assumption of classical GNNs. To solve the universality problem, many studies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Shengbo Gong , Jiajun Zhou , Chenxuan Xie , Qi Xuan

Graph neural networks (GNNs) emerge as a powerful family of representation learning models on graphs. To derive node representations, they utilize a global model that recursively aggregates information from the neighboring nodes. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-04 Zemin Liu , Yuan Fang , Chenghao Liu , Steven C. H. Hoi

Conformal prediction (CP) provides a distribution-free approach to uncertainty quantification with finite-sample guarantees. However, applying CP to graph neural networks (GNNs) remains challenging as the combinatorial nature of graphs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Peyman Baghershahi , Fangxin Wang , Debmalya Mandal , Sourav Medya

In this survey paper, we analyze image based graph neural networks and propose a three-step classification approach. We first convert the image into superpixels using the Quickshift algorithm so as to reduce 30% of the input data. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Usman Nazir , He Wang , Murtaza Taj

In this paper, we develop a new aligned vertex convolutional network model to learn multi-scale local-level vertex features for graph classification. Our idea is to transform the graphs of arbitrary sizes into fixed-sized aligned vertex…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-27 Lu Bai , Lixin Cui , Shu Wu , Yuhang Jiao , Edwin R. Hancock

The construction of spatiotemporal networks using graph convolution networks (GCNs) has become one of the most popular methods for predicting traffic signals. However, when using a GCN for traffic speed prediction, the conventional approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 JunKyu Jang , Sung-Hyuk Park

Crime hotspot prediction is critical for ensuring urban safety and effective law enforcement, it remains challenging due to complex spatial dependencies that are inherent in criminal activities. The traditional approaches use classical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Tehreem Zubair , Syeda Kisaa Fatima , Noman Ahmed , Asifullah Khan

Infrared and visible image fusion aims to extract complementary features to synthesize a single fused image. Many methods employ convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to extract local features due to its translation invariance and locality.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Jing Li , Lu Bai , Bin Yang , Chang Li , Lingfei Ma , Edwin R. Hancock