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Distributional semantics based on neural approaches is a cornerstone of Natural Language Processing, with surprising connections to human meaning representation as well. Recent Transformer-based Language Models have proven capable of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Daniel Loureiro , Alípio Mário Jorge , Jose Camacho-Collados

Though the pre-trained contextualized language model (PrLM) has made a significant impact on NLP, training PrLMs in languages other than English can be impractical for two reasons: other languages often lack corpora sufficient for training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-28 Zuchao Li , Kevin Parnow , Hai Zhao , Zhuosheng Zhang , Rui Wang , Masao Utiyama , Eiichiro Sumita

We use parsing as sequence labeling as a common framework to learn across constituency and dependency syntactic abstractions. To do so, we cast the problem as multitask learning (MTL). First, we show that adding a parsing paradigm as an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Michalina Strzyz , David Vilares , Carlos Gómez-Rodríguez

While a considerable amount of semantic parsing approaches have employed RNN architectures for code generation tasks, there have been only few attempts to investigate the applicability of Transformers for this task. Including hierarchical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Klaudia-Doris Thellmann , Bernhard Stadler , Ricardo Usbeck , Jens Lehmann

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly those built on Transformer architectures, have significantly broadened the scope of natural language processing (NLP) applications, transcending their initial use in chatbot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Chen Wang , Jin Zhao , Jiaqi Gong

We analyze various methods for single-label and multi-label text classification across well-known datasets, categorizing them into bag-of-words, sequence-based, graph-based, and hierarchical approaches. Despite the surge in methods like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Lukas Galke , Ansgar Scherp , Andor Diera , Fabian Karl , Bao Xin Lin , Bhakti Khera , Tim Meuser , Tushar Singhal

Natural language exhibits patterns of hierarchically governed dependencies, in which relations between words are sensitive to syntactic structure rather than linear ordering. While re-current network models often fail to generalize in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-27 Jackson Petty , Robert Frank

Building an effective adversarial attacker and elaborating on countermeasures for adversarial attacks for natural language processing (NLP) have attracted a lot of research in recent years. However, most of the existing approaches focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Wenjuan Han , Liwen Zhang , Yong Jiang , Kewei Tu

Pre-trained language models represented by the Transformer have been proven to possess strong base capabilities, and the representative self-attention mechanism in the Transformer has become a classic in sequence modeling architectures.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Xin Lu , Yanyan Zhao , Si Wei , Shijin Wang , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Named entity recognition (NER) is a widely studied task in natural language processing. Recently, a growing number of studies have focused on the nested NER. The span-based methods, considering the entity recognition as a span…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Zeqi Tan , Yongliang Shen , Shuai Zhang , Weiming Lu , Yueting Zhuang

Semantic role labeling (SRL) is a fundamental yet challenging task in the NLP community. Recent works of SRL mainly fall into two lines: 1) BIO-based; 2) span-based. Despite ubiquity, they share some intrinsic drawbacks of not considering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Yu Zhang , Qingrong Xia , Shilin Zhou , Yong Jiang , Guohong Fu , Min Zhang

We investigate the extent to which modern, neural language models are susceptible to structural priming, the phenomenon whereby the structure of a sentence makes the same structure more probable in a follow-up sentence. We explore how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Arabella Sinclair , Jaap Jumelet , Willem Zuidema , Raquel Fernández

Attention mechanisms have improved the performance of NLP tasks while allowing models to remain explainable. Self-attention is currently widely used, however interpretability is difficult due to the numerous attention distributions. Recent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Khalil Mrini , Franck Dernoncourt , Quan Tran , Trung Bui , Walter Chang , Ndapa Nakashole

Effective training of today's large language models (LLMs) depends on large batches and long sequences for throughput and accuracy. To handle variable-length sequences on hardware accelerators, it is common practice to introduce padding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Mario Michael Krell , Matej Kosec , Sergio P. Perez , Andrew Fitzgibbon

Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) encapsulate large amounts of knowledge and take enormous amounts of compute to train. We make use of this resource, together with the observation that LLMs are able to transfer knowledge and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Malcolm L. Wolff , Shenghao Yang , Kari Torkkola , Michael W. Mahoney

In recent years, significant advancements in pre-trained language models have driven the creation of numerous non-English language variants, with a particular emphasis on encoder-only and decoder-only architectures. While Spanish language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Vladimir Araujo , Maria Mihaela Trusca , Rodrigo Tufiño , Marie-Francine Moens

Pre-trained transformer language models (LMs) have in recent years become the dominant paradigm in applied NLP. These models have achieved state-of-the-art performance on tasks such as information extraction, question answering, sentiment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Aidan Mannion , Thierry Chevalier , Didier Schwab , Lorraine Geouriot

State-of-the-art results in large language models (LLMs) often rely on scale, which becomes computationally expensive. This has sparked a research agenda to reduce these models' parameter counts and computational costs without significantly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Xiuying Wei , Skander Moalla , Razvan Pascanu , Caglar Gulcehre

The primary challenge for handwriting recognition systems lies in managing long-range contextual dependencies, an issue that traditional models often struggle with. To mitigate it, attention mechanisms have recently been employed to enhance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Sara Ferro , Alessandro Torcinovich , Arianna Traviglia , Marcello Pelillo

In the rapidly evolving landscape of genomics, deep learning has emerged as a useful tool for tackling complex computational challenges. This review focuses on the transformative role of Large Language Models (LLMs), which are mostly based…