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Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has significantly advanced the reasoning ability of vision-language models (VLMs). However, the inherent text-dominated nature of VLMs often leads to insufficient visual faithfulness,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Zengbin Wang , Feng Xiong , Liang Lin , Xuecai Hu , Yong Wang , Yanlin Wang , Man Zhang , Xiangxiang Chu

When faced with complex problems, we tend to engage in slower, more deliberate thinking. In contrast, for simple questions we give quick, intuitive responses. This dual-system thinking approach allows us to allocate cognitive resources…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Chenyu Lin , Cheng Chi , Jinlin Wu , Sharon Li , Kaiyang Zhou

Recent studies have demonstrated that Reinforcement Learning (RL), notably Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), can intrinsically elicit and enhance the reasoning capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs). However, despite the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Xinyu Tian , Shu Zou , Zhaoyuan Yang , Mengqi He , Peter Tu , Jing Zhang

Recent advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have incentivized models to ``think with images'' by actively invoking visual tools during multi-turn reasoning. The common Reinforcement Learning (RL) practice of relying on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Wenhao Yang , Yu Xia , Jinlong Huang , Shiyin Lu , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Yuchen Zhou , Xiaobo Xia , Yuanyu Wan , Lijun Zhang , Tat-Seng Chua

Despite tremendous recent advances in large model reasoning ability, vision-language models (VLMs) still struggle with detailed visual reasoning, especially when compute resources are limited. To address this challenge, we draw inspiration…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Sunil Kumar , Bowen Zhao , Leo Dirac , Paulina Varshavskaya

State-of-the-art large multi-modal models (LMMs) face challenges when processing high-resolution images, as these inputs are converted into enormous visual tokens, many of which are irrelevant to the downstream task. In this paper, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xinyu Huang , Yuhao Dong , Weiwei Tian , Bo Li , Rui Feng , Ziwei Liu

While multimodal large language models excel at tasks that integrate visual perception with symbolic reasoning, their performance is often undermined by a critical vulnerability: perception-induced errors that propagate through the…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Songjun Tu , Qichao Zhang , Jingbo Sun , Yuqian Fu , Linjing Li , Xiangyuan Lan , Dongmei Jiang , Yaowei Wang , Dongbin Zhao

Training robust and generalizable reward models for human visual preferences is essential for aligning text-to-image and text-to-video generative models with human intent. However, current reward models often fail to generalize, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Alexander Gambashidze , Li Pengyi , Matvey Skripkin , Andrey Galichin , Anton Gusarov , Konstantin Sobolev , Andrey Kuznetsov , Ivan Oseledets

Vision Language Models exhibit impressive performance for various tasks, yet they often lack the sophisticated situational reasoning required for complex decision-making. This paper shows that VLMs can achieve surprisingly strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Zhe Hu , Jing Li , Zhongzhu Pu , Hou Pong Chan , Yu Yin

Recent breakthroughs in reasoning language models have significantly advanced text-based reasoning. On the other hand, Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) still lag behind, hindered by their outdated internal LLMs. Upgrading these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yunhao Gou , Kai Chen , Zhili Liu , Lanqing Hong , Xin Jin , Zhenguo Li , James T. Kwok , Yu Zhang

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and their multimodal extensions (MLLMs) have substantially enhanced machine reasoning across diverse tasks. However, these models predominantly rely on pure text as the medium for both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Yi Xu , Chengzu Li , Han Zhou , Xingchen Wan , Caiqi Zhang , Anna Korhonen , Ivan Vulić

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has proven to be an effective post-training strategy for enhancing reasoning in vision-language models (VLMs). Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO) is a recent prominent method that encourages models to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Jiaqi Wang , Kevin Qinghong Lin , James Cheng , Mike Zheng Shou

Visual reasoning is crucial for understanding complex multimodal data and advancing Artificial General Intelligence. Existing methods enhance the reasoning capability of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) through Reinforcement…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Chaoyang Wang , Zeyu Zhang , Meng Meng , Xu Zhou , Haiyun Jiang

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has proven to be a highly effective strategy for endowing Large Language Models (LLMs) with robust multi-step reasoning abilities. However, its design and optimizations remain tailored…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Zhenhailong Wang , Xuehang Guo , Sofia Stoica , Haiyang Xu , Hongru Wang , Hyeonjeong Ha , Xiusi Chen , Yangyi Chen , Ming Yan , Fei Huang , Heng Ji

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for eliciting reasoning chains before generating final answers. However, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) generate reasoning that lacks integration of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Omar Sharif , Eftekhar Hossain , Patrick Ng

While Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has advanced the reasoning capabilities of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), most existing methods in multimodal reasoning neglect the critical role of visual perception within…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Siyuan Huang , Xiaoye Qu , Yafu Li , Yun Luo , Zefeng He , Daizong Liu , Yu Cheng

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) are powerful at integrating diverse data, but they often struggle with complex reasoning. While Reinforcement learning (RL) can boost reasoning in LLMs, applying it to MLLMs is tricky. Common issues…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Minjie Hong , Zirun Guo , Yan Xia , Zehan Wang , Ziang Zhang , Tao Jin , Zhou Zhao

When applying reinforcement learning--typically through GRPO--to large vision-language model reasoning struggles to effectively scale reasoning length or generates verbose outputs across all tasks with only marginal gains in accuracy. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Wenyi Xiao , Leilei Gan

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved notable gains in various tasks by incorporating Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning in language spaces. Recent work extends this direction by leveraging external tools for visual editing,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Bangzheng Li , Ximeng Sun , Jiang Liu , Ze Wang , Jialian Wu , Xiaodong Yu , Hao Chen , Emad Barsoum , Muhao Chen , Zicheng Liu

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown promising capabilities in reasoning tasks, yet still struggle with complex problems requiring explicit self-reflection and self-correction, especially compared to their unimodal text-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Zhongwei Wan , Zhihao Dou , Che Liu , Yu Zhang , Dongfei Cui , Qinjian Zhao , Hui Shen , Jing Xiong , Yi Xin , Yifan Jiang , Chaofan Tao , Yangfan He , Mi Zhang , Shen Yan
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