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Detecting concealed emotions within apparently normal expressions is crucial for identifying potential mental health issues and facilitating timely support and intervention. The task of spotting macro and micro-expressions involves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Pei-Sze Tan , Sailaja Rajanala , Arghya Pal , Raphaël C. -W. Phan , Huey-Fang Ong

Explaining decisions of black-box classifiers is paramount in sensitive domains such as medical imaging since clinicians confidence is necessary for adoption. Various explanation approaches have been proposed, among which perturbation based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Martin Charachon , Céline Hudelot , Paul-Henry Cournède , Camille Ruppli , Roberto Ardon

Model explainability is essential for the creation of trustworthy Machine Learning models in healthcare. An ideal explanation resembles the decision-making process of a domain expert and is expressed using concepts or terminology that is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Sumedha Singla , Stephen Wallace , Sofia Triantafillou , Kayhan Batmanghelich

Existing method generates class activation map (CAM) by a set of fixed classes (i.e., using all the classes), while the discriminative cues between class pairs are not considered. Note that activation maps by considering different class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-01-24 Fanman Meng , Kaixu Huang , Hongliang Li , Qingbo Wu

Automated mechanistic interpretation research has attracted great interest due to its potential to scale explanations of neural network internals to large models. Existing automated circuit discovery work relies on activation patching or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Aliyah R. Hsu , Georgia Zhou , Yeshwanth Cherapanamjeri , Yaxuan Huang , Anobel Y. Odisho , Peter R. Carroll , Bin Yu

Understanding and explaining deep learning models is an imperative task. Towards this, we propose a method that obtains gradient-based certainty estimates that also provide visual attention maps. Particularly, we solve for visual question…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Badri N. Patro , Mayank Lunayach , Shivansh Patel , Vinay P. Namboodiri

Class activation map (CAM) highlights regions of classes based on classification network, which is widely used in weakly supervised tasks. However, it faces the problem that the class activation regions are usually small and local. Although…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-24 Kaixu Huang , Fanman Meng , Hongliang Li , Shuai Chen , Qingbo Wu , King N. Ngan

Explaining machine learning (ML) models using eXplainable AI (XAI) techniques has become essential to make them more transparent and trustworthy. This is especially important in high-stakes domains like healthcare, where understanding model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Felix Tempel , Daniel Groos , Espen Alexander F. Ihlen , Lars Adde , Inga Strümke

This paper introduces EXMOVES, learned exemplar-based features for efficient recognition of actions in videos. The entries in our descriptor are produced by evaluating a set of movement classifiers over spatial-temporal volumes of the input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-03-31 Du Tran , Lorenzo Torresani

Providing a human-understandable explanation of classifiers' decisions has become imperative to generate trust in their use for day-to-day tasks. Although many works have addressed this problem by generating visual explanation maps, they…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Martin Charachon , Paul-Henry Cournède , Céline Hudelot , Roberto Ardon

Calibration strengthens the trustworthiness of black-box models by producing better accurate confidence estimates on given examples. However, little is known about if model explanations can help confidence calibration. Intuitively, humans…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Dongfang Li , Baotian Hu , Qingcai Chen

Modern instance-based model-agnostic explanation methods (LIME, SHAP, L2X) are of great use in data-heavy industries for model diagnostics, and for end-user explanations. These methods generally return either a weighting or subset of input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Matt Chapman-Rounds , Marc-Andre Schulz , Erik Pazos , Konstantinos Georgatzis

We propose a technique for making Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)-based models more transparent by visualizing input regions that are 'important' for predictions -- or visual explanations. Our approach, called Gradient-weighted Class…

*Concept-based explanations* offer a promising approach for explaining the predictions of deep neural networks in terms of high-level, human-understandable concepts. However, existing methods either do not establish a causal connection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Ronaldo Canizales , Divya Gopinath , Corina Păsăreanu , Ravi Mangal

Dual encoder architectures like Clip models map two types of inputs into a shared embedding space and predict similarities between them. Despite their wide application, it is, however, not understood how these models compare their two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Lucas Möller , Pascal Tilli , Ngoc Thang Vu , Sebastian Padó

The need for clear, trustworthy explanations of deep learning model predictions is essential for high-criticality fields, such as medicine and biometric identification. Class Activation Maps (CAMs) are an increasingly popular category of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Emily Kaczmarek , Olivier X. Miguel , Alexa C. Bowie , Robin Ducharme , Alysha L. J. Dingwall-Harvey , Steven Hawken , Christine M. Armour , Mark C. Walker , Kevin Dick

Acquiring and training on large-scale labeled data can be impractical due to cost constraints. Additionally, the use of small training datasets can result in considerable variability in model outcomes, overfitting, and learning of spurious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jiashu Tao , Reza Shokri

Significant progress has been achieved on the improvement and downstream usages of the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) vision-language model, while less attention is paid to the interpretation of CLIP. We propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Chenyang Zhao , Kun Wang , Janet H. Hsiao , Antoni B. Chan

Concurrent to the rapid progress in the development of neural-network based models in areas like natural language processing and computer vision, the need for creating explanations for the predictions of these black-box models has risen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Marc Brinner , Sina Zarriess

Scene understanding includes many related sub-tasks, such as scene categorization, depth estimation, object detection, etc. Each of these sub-tasks is often notoriously hard, and state-of-the-art classifiers already exist for many of them.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2011-10-25 Congcong Li , Adarsh Kowdle , Ashutosh Saxena , Tsuhan Chen