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Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) is an open-world problem that clusters unlabeled data by leveraging knowledge from partially labeled categories. A key challenge is that unlabeled data may contain both known and novel categories.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Haiyang Zheng , Nan Pu , Wenjing Li , Nicu Sebe , Zhun Zhong

Ensemble algorithms offer state of the art performance in many machine learning applications. A common explanation for their excellent performance is due to the bias-variance decomposition of the mean squared error which shows that the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Sebastian Buschjäger , Lukas Pfahler , Katharina Morik

Graph Self-Supervised Learning (GSSL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for generating high-quality representations for graph-structured data. While multi-scale graph contrastive learning has received increasing attention, many existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Mohamed Mahmoud Amar , Nairouz Mrabah , Mohamed Bouguessa , Abdoulaye Baniré Diallo

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) excels in multimodal tasks such as image-text retrieval and zero-shot classification but struggles with fine-grained understanding due to its focus on coarse-grained short captions. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Chunyu Xie , Bin Wang , Fanjing Kong , Jincheng Li , Dawei Liang , Gengshen Zhang , Dawei Leng , Yuhui Yin

Cross-modal retrieval (CMR) typically involves learning common representations to directly measure similarities between multimodal samples. Most existing CMR methods commonly assume multimodal samples in pairs and employ joint training to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Ruitao Pu , Yang Qin , Dezhong Peng , Xiaomin Song , Huiming Zheng

The success of contrastive learning depends on the construction and utilization of high-quality positive pairs. However, current methods face critical limitations on two fronts: on the construction side, both handcrafted and generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Xiaojie Li , Bei Wang , Wei Liu , Jianlong Wu , Yue Yu , Liqiang Nie , Min Zhang

Generalized Category Discovery (GCD) is a crucial task that aims to recognize both known and novel categories from a set of unlabeled data by utilizing a few labeled data with only known categories. Due to the lack of supervision and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Wenbin An , Wenkai Shi , Feng Tian , Haonan Lin , QianYing Wang , Yaqiang Wu , Mingxiang Cai , Luyan Wang , Yan Chen , Haiping Zhu , Ping Chen

Contrastive learning and self-supervised techniques have gained prevalence in computer vision for the past few years. It is essential for medical image analysis, which is often notorious for its lack of annotations. Most existing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-07 Jun Li , Quan Quan , S. Kevin Zhou

There are two popular loss functions used for vision-language retrieval, i.e., triplet loss and contrastive learning loss, both of them essentially minimize the difference between the similarities of negative pairs and positive pairs. More…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Zheng Li , Caili Guo , Xin Wang , Zerun Feng , Jenq-Neng Hwang , Zhongtian Du

CLIP achieves strong zero-shot image-text retrieval by aligning global vision and text representations, yet it falls behind on fine-grained tasks even when fine-tuned on long, detailed captions. In this work, we propose $\beta$-CLIP, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Fatimah Zohra , Chen Zhao , Hani Itani , Bernard Ghanem

Contrastive Learning (CL) enhances the training of sequential recommendation (SR) models through informative self-supervision signals. Existing methods often rely on data augmentation strategies to create positive samples and promote…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-06 Zhikai Wang , Yanyan Shen , Zexi Zhang , Li He , Yichun Li , Hao Gu , Yinghua Zhang

Multi-view representation learning has developed rapidly over the past decades and has been applied in many fields. However, most previous works assumed that each view is complete and aligned. This leads to an inevitable deterioration in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-10 Yiming Wang , Dongxia Chang , Zhiqiang Fu , Jie Wen , Yao Zhao

Long-tailed semi-supervised learning poses a significant challenge in training models with limited labeled data exhibiting a long-tailed label distribution. Current state-of-the-art LTSSL approaches heavily rely on high-quality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Zi-Hao Zhou , Siyuan Fang , Zi-Jing Zhou , Tong Wei , Yuanyu Wan , Min-Ling Zhang

Multimodal contrastive learning (MCL) has shown remarkable advances in zero-shot classification by learning from millions of image-caption pairs crawled from the Internet. However, this reliance poses privacy risks, as hackers may…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Xinwei Liu , Xiaojun Jia , Yuan Xun , Siyuan Liang , Xiaochun Cao

Graph representation learning is crucial for many real-world applications (e.g. social relation analysis). A fundamental problem for graph representation learning is how to effectively learn representations without human labeling, which is…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Bolian Li , Baoyu Jing , Hanghang Tong

Contrastive learning has gained significant attention in skeleton-based action recognition for its ability to learn robust representations from unlabeled data. However, existing methods rely on a single skeleton convention, which limits…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Mert Kiray , Alvaro Ritter , Nassir Navab , Benjamin Busam

Multimodal models, such as the Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) model, have demonstrated remarkable success in aligning visual and linguistic representations. However, these models exhibit limitations when applied to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Hiroshi Sasaki

In addition to relevance, diversity is an important yet less studied performance metric of cross-modal image retrieval systems, which is critical to user experience. Existing solutions for diversity-aware image retrieval either explicitly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Minyi Zhao , Jinpeng Wang , Dongliang Liao , Yiru Wang , Huanzhong Duan , Shuigeng Zhou

Continual learning (CL) involves acquiring and accumulating knowledge from evolving tasks while alleviating catastrophic forgetting. Recently, leveraging contrastive loss to construct more transferable and less forgetful representations has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Jia Tang , Xinrui Wang , Songcan Chen

Contrastive learning has been successfully used for retrieval of semantically aligned sentences, but it often requires large batch sizes or careful engineering to work well. In this paper, we instead propose a generative model for learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-06 John Wieting , Jonathan H. Clark , William W. Cohen , Graham Neubig , Taylor Berg-Kirkpatrick
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