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Existing agents for solving tasks such as ML engineering rely on prompting powerful language models. As a result, these agents do not improve with more experience. In this paper, we show that agents backed by weaker models that improve via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Sherry Yang , Joy He-Yueya , Percy Liang

Personalized alignment is essential for enabling large language models (LLMs) to engage effectively in user-centric dialogue. While recent prompt-based and offline optimization methods offer preliminary solutions, they fall short in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Weixiang Zhao , Xingyu Sui , Yulin Hu , Jiahe Guo , Haixiao Liu , Biye Li , Yanyan Zhao , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

In the realm of web agent research, achieving both generalization and accuracy remains a challenging problem. Due to high variance in website structure, existing approaches often fail. Moreover, existing fine-tuning and in-context learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Michael Lutz , Arth Bohra , Manvel Saroyan , Artem Harutyunyan , Giovanni Campagna

Bimodal, stochastic environments present a challenge to typical Reinforcement Learning problems. This problem is one that is surprisingly common in real world applications, being particularly applicable to pricing problems. In this paper we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 E. Hurwitz , N. Peace , G. Cevora

In this work, we address the problem of tuning communication libraries by using a deep reinforcement learning approach. Reinforcement learning is a machine learning technique incredibly effective in solving game-like situations. In fact,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-16 Alessandro Fanfarillo , Davide Del Vento

In many real-world problems, there is the possibility to configure, to a limited extent, some environmental parameters to improve the performance of a learning agent. In this paper, we propose a novel framework, Configurable Markov Decision…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-15 Alberto Maria Metelli , Mirco Mutti , Marcello Restelli

Automating repository-level software engineering tasks is a foundational challenge for autonomous code agents, largely due to the difficulty of configuring executable environments. However, manual configuration remains a labor-intensive…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Renhong Huang , Dongdong Hua , Yifei Sun , Sitao Ding , Hanyang Yuan , Daixin Wang , Yang Yang

Autonomous assembly is an essential capability for industrial and service robots, with Peg-in-Hole (PiH) insertion being one of the core tasks. However, PiH assembly in unknown environments is still challenging due to uncertainty in task…

Reinforcement learning (RL) offers a capable and intuitive structure for the fundamental sequential decision-making problem. Despite impressive breakthroughs, it can still be difficult to employ RL in practice in many simple applications.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Aida Afshar , Wenchao Li

Code LLMs have shown promising results with converting tasks in natural language to programs that can be executed by service robots. We are interested in finetuning small, specialized LLMs for this purpose, but collecting datasets of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Zichao Hu , Junyi Jessy Li , Arjun Guha , Joydeep Biswas

Conducting reinforcement learning (RL) in simulated environments offers a cost-effective and highly scalable way to enhance language-based agents. However, previous work has been limited to semi-automated environment synthesis or tasks…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Shihao Cai , Runnan Fang , Jialong Wu , Baixuan Li , Xinyu Wang , Yong Jiang , Liangcai Su , Liwen Zhang , Wenbiao Yin , Zhen Zhang , Fuli Feng , Pengjun Xie , Xiaobin Wang

The ability of large language models (LLMs) to follow instructions is crucial to real-world applications. Despite recent advances, several studies have highlighted that LLMs struggle when faced with challenging instructions, especially…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Haoran Sun , Lixin Liu , Junjie Li , Fengyu Wang , Baohua Dong , Ran Lin , Ruohui Huang

To use heterogeneous hardware, programmers needed sufficient technical skills such as OpenMP, CUDA, and OpenCL. Therefore, I have proposed environment-adaptive software that enables high-performance operation by automatically converting and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Yoji Yamato

The application of Natural Language Processing (NLP) has achieved a high level of relevance in several areas. In the field of software engineering (SE), NLP applications are based on the classification of similar texts (e.g. software…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-12-02 Eliane Maria De Bortoli Fávero , Dalcimar Casanova

Software systems usually provide numerous configuration options that can affect performance metrics such as execution time, memory usage, binary size, or bitrate. On the one hand, making informed decisions is challenging and requires domain…

To secure computer infrastructure, we need to configure all security-relevant settings. We need security experts to identify security-relevant settings, but this process is time-consuming and expensive. Our proposed solution uses…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Patrick Stöckle , Theresa Wasserer , Bernd Grobauer , Alexander Pretschner

This paper introduces a new empirical methodology, the Cross-environment Hyperparameter Setting Benchmark, that compares RL algorithms across environments using a single hyperparameter setting, encouraging algorithmic development which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Andrew Patterson , Samuel Neumann , Raksha Kumaraswamy , Martha White , Adam White

While current benchmark reinforcement learning (RL) tasks have been useful to drive progress in the field, they are in many ways poor substitutes for learning with real-world data. By testing increasingly complex RL algorithms on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Amy Zhang , Yuxin Wu , Joelle Pineau

While Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities, they also introduce significant safety and privacy risks. Current mitigation strategies often fail to preserve contextual reasoning capabilities in risky scenarios.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Wenbin Hu , Haoran Li , Huihao Jing , Qi Hu , Ziqian Zeng , Sirui Han , Heli Xu , Tianshu Chu , Peizhao Hu , Yangqiu Song

Injecting world knowledge into pretrained multimodal large language models (MLLMs) is essential for domain-specific applications. Task-specific fine-tuning achieves this by tailoring MLLMs to high-quality in-domain data but encounters…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xiao An , Jiaxing Sun , Ting Hu , Wei He