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Ethereum relies on a peer-to-peer overlay network to propagate information. The knowledge of Ethereum network topology holds the key to understanding Ethereum's security, availability, and user anonymity. From a measurement perspective, an…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Kai Li , Yuzhe Tang , Jiaqi Chen , Yibo Wang , Xianghong Liu

In this paper, we present ChaosETH, a chaos engineering approach for resilience assessment of Ethereum blockchain clients. ChaosETH operates in the following manner: First, it monitors Ethereum clients to determine their normal behavior.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Long Zhang , Javier Ron , Benoit Baudry , Martin Monperrus

BatPay is a proxy scaling solution for the transfer of ERC20 tokens. It is suitable for micropayments in one-to-many and few-to-many scenarios, including digital markets and the distribution of rewards and dividends. In BatPay, many similar…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-07 Hartwig Mayer , Ismael Bejarano , Daniel Fernandez , Gustavo Ajzenman , Nicolas Ayala , Nahuel Santoalla , Carlos Sarraute , Ariel Futoransky

The execution of smart contracts on Ethereum, a public blockchain system, incurs a fee called gas fee for its computation and data storage. When programmers develop smart contracts (e.g., in the Solidity programming language), they could…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Mengting He , Shihao Xia , Boqin Qin , Nobuko Yoshida , Tingting Yu , Yiying Zhang , Linhai Song

Participation in permissionless blockchains results in competition over system resources, which needs to be controlled with fees. Ethereum's current fee mechanism is implemented via a first-price auction that results in unpredictable fees…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Stefanos Leonardos , Barnabé Monnot , Daniël Reijsbergen , Stratis Skoulakis , Georgios Piliouras

In blockchain-based order book systems, buyers and sellers trade assets, while it is miners to match them and include their transactions in the blockchain. It is found that many miners behave selfishly and myopically, prioritizing…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Yunshu Liu , Lingjie Duan

In order to have transactions executed and recorded on blockchains such as the Ethereum Mainnet, fees expressed in crypto-currency units of the blockchain must be paid. One can buy crypto-currency called Ether of the Ethereum blockchain…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-08-20 Serdar Metin , Can Özturan

Blockchain systems, such as Ethereum, use an approach called "metering" to assign a cost to smart contract execution, an approach which is designed to incentivise miners to operate the network and protect it against DoS attacks. In the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Daniel Perez , Benjamin Livshits

Demand for blockchains such as Bitcoin and Ethereum is far larger than supply, necessitating a mechanism that selects a subset of transactions to include "on-chain" from the pool of all pending transactions. This paper investigates the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Tim Roughgarden

This paper examines how various categories of Ethereum stakers respond to changes in the consensus issuance schedule, and the potential impact of such changes on the composition of the staking market. To this end, we have develop and…

General Economics · Economics 2025-07-22 Juan Beccuti , Thunj Chantramonklasri , Matthias Hafner , Nicolas Oderbolz

Transaction fees represent a major incentive in many blockchain systems as a way to incentivize processing transactions. Unfortunately, they also introduce an enormous amount of incentive asymmetry compared to alternatives like fixed block…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Michael Tang , Alex Zhang

Ethereum, as a representative of Web3, adopts a novel framework called Proposer Builder Separation (PBS) to prevent the centralization of block profits in the hands of institutional Ethereum stakers. Introducing builders to generate blocks…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Shuzheng Wang , Yue Huang , Wenqin Zhang , Yuming Huang , Xuechao Wang , Jing Tang

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) on Ethereum has undergone significant transformations since its emergence during the DeFi summer of 2020. With the introduction of Proof of Stake (PoS) and Proposer-Builder Separation (PBS), the transaction…

General Economics · Economics 2025-05-27 Paul Janicot , Alex Vinyas

Layer 2 rollups are rapidly absorbing DeFi activity, securing over $40 billion and accounting for nearly half of Ethereum's DEX volume by Q1 2025, yet their MEV dynamics remain understudied. We address this gap by defining and quantifying…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Ozan Solmaz , Lioba Heimbach , Yann Vonlanthen , Roger Wattenhofer

Blockchain technology, with implications in the financial domain, offers data in the form of large-scale transaction networks. Analyzing transaction networks facilitates fraud detection, market analysis, and supports government regulation.…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Junliang Luo , Xue Liu

This study presents a comprehensive theoretical and empirical analysis of Patricia tries, the fundamental data structure underlying Ethereum's state management system. We develop a probabilistic model characterizing the distribution of path…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Oleksandr Kuznetsov , Anton Yezhov , Kateryna Kuznetsova , Oleksandr Domin

Atomic Crosschain Transaction technology allows composable programming across private Ethereum blockchains. It allows for inter-contract and inter-blockchain function calls that are both synchronous and atomic: if one part fails, the whole…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Peter Robinson , Raghavendra Ramesh , John Brainard , Sandra Johnson

Distributed ledger technologies have opened up a wealth of fine-grained transaction data from cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum. This allows research into problems like anomaly detection, anti-money laundering, pattern mining and…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Naomi A. Arnold , Peijie Zhong , Cheick Tidiane Ba , Ben Steer , Raul Mondragon , Felix Cuadrado , Renaud Lambiotte , Richard G. Clegg

In blockchain sharding, $n$ processing nodes are divided into $s$ shards, and each shard processes transactions in parallel. A key challenge in such a system is to ensure system stability for any ``tractable'' pattern of generated…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Ramesh Adhikari , Costas Busch , Dariusz R. Kowalski

Strategies related to the blockchain concept of Extractable Value (MEV/BEV), such as arbitrage, front-, or back-running create strong economic incentives for network nodes to reduce latency. Modified nodes, that minimize transaction…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Taro Tsuchiya , Liyi Zhou , Kaihua Qin , Arthur Gervais , Nicolas Christin