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In the artificial intelligence space, as we transition from isolated large language models to autonomous agents capable of complex reasoning and tool use. While foundational architectures and local context management protocols have been…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Naveen Kumar Krishnan

The rapid integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) across diverse sectors has marked a transformative era, showcasing remarkable capabilities in text generation and problem-solving tasks. However, this technological advancement is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Rahul Pankajakshan , Sumitra Biswal , Yuvaraj Govindarajulu , Gilad Gressel

We introduce SCP: the Science Context Protocol, an open-source standard designed to accelerate discovery by enabling a global network of autonomous scientific agents. SCP is built on two foundational pillars: (1) Unified Resource…

The Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) common data model (CDM) provides a standardized representation of heterogeneous health data to support large-scale, multi-institutional research. One critical step in data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Jaerong Ahn , Andrew Wen , Nan Wang , Heling Jia , Zhiyi Yue , Sunyang Fu , Hongfang Liu

With the promise of accelerating software development, low-code platforms (LCPs) are becoming popular across various industries. Nevertheless, there are still barriers hindering their adoption. Among them, vendor lock-in is a major concern,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Iván Alfonso , Aaron Conrardy , Jordi Cabot

Agentic workflows driven by large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to Building Information Modelling (BIM), enabling natural-language retrieval, modification and generation of IFC models. Recent work has begun adopting the…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Tobias Heimig-Elschner , Changyu Du , Anna Scheuvens , André Borrmann , Jakob Beetz

[Context] Coupling is a widely discussed metric by software engineers while developing complex software systems, often referred to as a crucial factor and symptom of a poor or good design. Nevertheless, measuring the logical coupling among…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Dario Amoroso d Aragona , Luca Pascarella , Andrea Janes , Valentina Lenarduzzi , Rafael Penaloza , Davide Taibi

Large language models (LLMs) can now access a wide range of external tools, thanks to the Model Context Protocol (MCP). This greatly expands their abilities as various agents. However, LLMs rely entirely on the text descriptions of tools to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Kazem Faghih , Wenxiao Wang , Yize Cheng , Siddhant Bharti , Gaurang Sriramanan , Sriram Balasubramanian , Parsa Hosseini , Soheil Feizi

Computer-use agents that combine GUI interaction with structured API calls via the Model Context Protocol (MCP) show promise for automating software tasks. However, existing approaches lack a principled understanding of how agents should…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Tiantian He , Yihang Chen , Keyue Jiang , Ka Yiu Lee , Kaiwen Zhou , Kun Shao , Shuai Wang

The AI agent ecosystem has converged on two protocols: the Model Context Protocol (MCP) for tool invocation and Agent-to-Agent (A2A) for single-principal task delegation. Both assume a single controlling principal, meaning one person or…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Kaiyang Qian , Xinmin Fang , Zhengxiong Li

In recent years, the application of large language models (LLMs) to code-related tasks has gained significant attention. However, existing evaluation benchmarks often focus on limited scenarios, such as code generation or completion, which…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Jia Feng , Jiachen Liu , Cuiyun Gao , Chun Yong Chong , Chaozheng Wang , Shan Gao , Xin Xia

Analytical methods underpin geotechnical engineering practice, yet their implementation remains fragmented across error-prone spreadsheets and opaque proprietary software. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer transformative potential…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yared W. Bekele

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into network operations (AIOps) is hindered by two fundamental challenges: the stochastic grounding problem, where LLMs struggle to reliably parse unstructured, vendor-specific CLI output, and…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Devansh Lodha , Mohit Panchal , Sameer G. Kulkarni

In the deployment of large language models (LLMs), accurate confidence estimation is critical for assessing the credibility of model predictions. However, existing methods often fail to overcome the issue of overconfidence on incorrect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Pei Wang , Yejie Wang , Muxi Diao , Keqing He , Guanting Dong , Weiran Xu

MCP Server Proto-OKN (mcp-proto-okn) is a Python-based Model Context Protocol server that enables AI assistants to discover, inspect, query and integrate scientific knowledge graphs through natural language. The server provides graph…

The reliability of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) in real-world settings is often undermined by sensitivity to irrelevant or distracting visual context, an aspect not captured by existing evaluation metrics. We introduce the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hitesh Laxmichand Patel , Amit Agarwal , Srikant Panda , Hansa Meghwani , Karan Dua , Paul Li , Tao Sheng , Sujith Ravi , Dan Roth

The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to the widespread deployment of LLM-based systems across diverse domains. As these systems proliferate, understanding the risks associated with their complex supply chains is increasingly…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Yujie Ma , Lili Quan , Xiaofei Xie , Qiang Hu , Jiongchi Yu , Yao Zhang , Sen Chen

Effective patient-provider communication is difficult to assess at scale. We examine whether large language models (LLMs) can track 20 social behaviors from clinical transcripts without fine-tuning. Across three model families and multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Manas Satish Bedmutha , Feng Chen , Andrea Hartzler , Trevor Cohen , Nadir Weibel

Artificial intelligence is rapidly evolving towards multi-agent systems where numerous AI agents collaborate and interact with external tools. Two key open standards, Google's Agent to Agent (A2A) protocol for inter-agent communication and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Qiaomu Li , Ying Xie

Model-sharing platforms, such as Hugging Face, ModelScope, and OpenCSG, have become central to modern machine learning development, enabling developers to share, load, and fine-tune pre-trained models with minimal effort. However, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Tanzim Hossain Romel , Natalie Sekerak , Beatrice Casey , Joanna C. S. Santos