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Sentinel-2 multi-spectral images collected over periods of several months were used to estimate vegetation height for Gabon and Switzerland. A deep convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained to extract suitable spectral and textural…
Aims. We use advanced 3D NLTE radiative magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the solar atmosphere to carry out detailed tests of chromospheric diagnostics at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. Methods. We focused on the diagnostics of…
Mesoscale model such as Meso-Nh have proven to be highly reliable in reproducing 3D maps of optical turbulence (see Refs. 1, 2, 3, 4) above mid-latitude astronomical sites. These last years ground-based astronomy has been looking towards…
As urbanization and climate change progress, urban heat island effects are becoming more frequent and severe. To formulate effective mitigation plans, cities require detailed air temperature data, yet conventional machine learning models…
With fires becoming increasingly frequent and severe across the globe in recent years, understanding climate change's role in fire behavior is critical for quantifying current and future fire risk. However, global climate models typically…
Mist/air two-phase flow is a promising cooling technique for many applications such as internal cooling of gas turbine blades. A significant enhancement of heat transfer can be achieved with a low mass fraction of droplets by utilizing the…
Accurate soil moisture (SM) estimation is critical for precision agriculture, water resources management and climate monitoring. Yet, existing satellite SM products are too coarse (>1km) for farm-level applications. We present a…
Accurate forest canopy height estimation is essential for evaluating aboveground biomass and carbon stock dynamics, supporting ecosystem monitoring services like timber provisioning, climate change mitigation, and biodiversity conservation.…
Remote Sensing applications can benefit from a relatively fine spatial resolution multispectral (MS) images and a high revisit frequency ensured by the twin satellites Sentinel-2. Unfortunately, only four out of thirteen bands are provided…
The Sentinel-2 satellite, launched by the European Space Agency (ESA), offers extensive spatial coverage and has become indispensable in a wide range of remote sensing applications. However, it just has 12 spectral bands, making…
The integration of fine-scale multispectral imagery with deep learning models has revolutionized land use and land cover (LULC) classification. However, the atmospheric effects present in Top-of-Atmosphere sensor measured Digital Number…
High-resolution rainfall estimates from satellite and reanalysis sources (SRE) could play a major role in improving climate services for agriculture. This is particularly relevant in regions that rely on rain-fed farming but lack a dense…
Interferometric observations of the Sun with ALMA provide valuable diagnostic tools for studying the small-scale dynamics of the solar atmosphere. Estimations of the observability of the small-scale dynamics as a function of spatial…
The European Space Agency's Sentinel-2 satellite provides global multispectral coverage for remote sensing (RS) applications. However, limited spectral resolution (12 bands) and non-unified spatial resolution (60/20/10 m) restrict their…
Central to Earth observation is the trade-off between spatial and temporal resolution. For temperature, this is especially critical because real-world applications require high spatiotemporal resolution data. Current technology allows for…
Intrinsic image decomposition (IID) of outdoor scenes is crucial for relighting, editing, and understanding large-scale environments, but progress has been limited by the lack of real-world datasets with reliable albedo and shading…
Passive radiative cooling involves a net radiative heat loss into the cold outer space through the atmospheric transmission windows. Due to its passive nature and net cooling effect, it is a promising alternative or complement to electrical…
Climate change is intensifying human heat exposure, particularly in densely built urban centers of the Global South. Low-cost construction materials and high thermal-mass surfaces further exacerbate this risk. Yet scalable methods for…
Accurate and timely crop yield estimation is critical for global food security, agricultural policy, and farm management. The Copernicus Sentinel-2 satellite constellation, with high spatial, temporal, and spectral resolution, has…
In this paper, we develop a rigorous mathematical framework for the optimization of hip roof house geometry, with the primary goal of minimizing the external surface of the building envelope for a given set of design constraints. Five…