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Learning object-level, structured representations is widely regarded as a key to better generalization in vision and underpins the design of next-generation Pre-trained Vision Models (PVMs). Mainstream Object-Centric Learning (OCL) methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Hongjia Liu , Rongzhen Zhao , Haohan Chen , Joni Pajarinen

Unconditional scene inference and generation are challenging to learn jointly with a single compositional model. Despite encouraging progress on models that extract object-centric representations (''slots'') from images, unconditional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Patrick Emami , Pan He , Sanjay Ranka , Anand Rangarajan

Learning modular object-centric representations is crucial for systematic generalization. Existing methods show promising object-binding capabilities empirically, but theoretical identifiability guarantees remain relatively underdeveloped.…

Causal representation learning has showed a variety of settings in which we can disentangle latent variables with identifiability guarantees (up to some reasonable equivalence class). Common to all of these approaches is the assumption that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Amin Mansouri , Jason Hartford , Yan Zhang , Yoshua Bengio

Object-centric representations using slots have shown the advances towards efficient, flexible and interpretable abstraction from low-level perceptual features in a compositional scene. Current approaches randomize the initial state of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Ning Gao , Bernard Hohmann , Gerhard Neumann

We propose a framework to continuously learn object-centric representations for visual learning and understanding. Existing object-centric representations either rely on supervisions that individualize objects in the scene, or perform…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Chuanyu Pan , Yanchao Yang , Kaichun Mo , Yueqi Duan , Leonidas Guibas

Contrastive, self-supervised learning of object representations recently emerged as an attractive alternative to reconstruction-based training. Prior approaches focus on contrasting individual object representations (slots) against one…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Sindy Löwe , Klaus Greff , Rico Jonschkowski , Alexey Dosovitskiy , Thomas Kipf

The aim of object-centric vision is to construct an explicit representation of the objects in a scene. This representation is obtained via a set of interchangeable modules called \emph{slots} or \emph{object files} that compete for local…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Ayush Chakravarthy , Trang Nguyen , Anirudh Goyal , Yoshua Bengio , Michael C. Mozer

A compositional understanding of the world in terms of objects and their geometry in 3D space is considered a cornerstone of human cognition. Facilitating the learning of such a representation in neural networks holds promise for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Mehdi S. M. Sajjadi , Daniel Duckworth , Aravindh Mahendran , Sjoerd van Steenkiste , Filip Pavetić , Mario Lučić , Leonidas J. Guibas , Klaus Greff , Thomas Kipf

Unsupervised video segmentation is a challenging computer vision task, especially due to the lack of supervisory signals coupled with the complexity of visual scenes. To overcome this challenge, state-of-the-art models based on slot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Diana-Nicoleta Grigore , Neelu Madan , Andreas Mogelmose , Thomas B. Moeslund , Radu Tudor Ionescu

Object-centric learning (OCL) extracts the representation of objects with slots, offering an exceptional blend of flexibility and interpretability for abstracting low-level perceptual features. A widely adopted method within OCL is slot…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Ke Fan , Zechen Bai , Tianjun Xiao , Tong He , Max Horn , Yanwei Fu , Francesco Locatello , Zheng Zhang

Object-centric learning aims to break down complex visual scenes into more manageable object representations, enhancing the understanding and reasoning abilities of machine learning systems toward the physical world. Recently, slot-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jian Li , Pu Ren , Yang Liu , Hao Sun

Learning compositional representation is a key aspect of object-centric learning as it enables flexible systematic generalization and supports complex visual reasoning. However, most of the existing approaches rely on auto-encoding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Whie Jung , Jaehoon Yoo , Sungjin Ahn , Seunghoon Hong

Object-centric learning (OCL) aspires general and compositional understanding of scenes by representing a scene as a collection of object-centric representations. OCL has also been extended to multi-view image and video datasets to apply…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Jinwoo Kim , Janghyuk Choi , Ho-Jin Choi , Seon Joo Kim

Object-centric architectures usually apply a differentiable module to the entire feature map to decompose it into sets of entity representations called slots. Some of these methods structurally resemble clustering algorithms, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Daniil Kirilenko , Vitaliy Vorobyov , Alexey K. Kovalev , Aleksandr I. Panov

Slot-based object-centric learning represents an image as a set of latent slots with a decoder that combines them into an image or features. The decoder specifies how slots are combined into an output, but the slot set is typically fixed:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Christos Chatzisavvas , Panagiotis Rigas , George Ioannakis , Vassilis Katsouros , Nikolaos Mitianoudis

This paper addresses key challenges in object-centric representation learning of video. While existing approaches struggle with complex scenes, we propose a novel weakly-supervised framework that emphasises geometric understanding and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Phúc H. Le Khac , Graham Healy , Alan F. Smeaton

Unsupervised object-centric learning from videos is a promising approach to extract structured representations from large, unlabeled collections of videos. To support downstream tasks like autonomous control, these representations must be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Anna Manasyan , Maximilian Seitzer , Filip Radovic , Georg Martius , Andrii Zadaianchuk

When perceiving the world from multiple viewpoints, humans have the ability to reason about the complete objects in a compositional manner even when an object is completely occluded from certain viewpoints. Meanwhile, humans are able to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-27 Chengmin Gao , Bin Li

Object-centric understanding is fundamental to human vision and required for complex reasoning. Traditional methods define slot-based bottlenecks to learn object properties explicitly, while recent self-supervised vision models like DINO…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Stefan Sylvius Wagner , Stefan Harmeling