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Mixture-of-Experts Multimodal Large Language Models (MoE MLLMs) suffer from a significant efficiency bottleneck during Expert Parallelism (EP) inference due to the straggler effect. This issue is worsened in the multimodal context, as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Bo Li , Chuan Wu , shaolin Zhu

In this paper, we present the Semantic Boundary Conditioned Backbone (SBCB) framework, a simple yet effective training framework that is model-agnostic and boosts segmentation performance, especially around the boundaries. Motivated by the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Haruya Ishikawa , Yoshimitsu Aoki

State-of-the-art multimodal semantic segmentation strategies combining LiDAR and color data are usually designed on top of asymmetric information-sharing schemes and assume that both modalities are always available. This strong assumption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Francesco Barbato , Elena Camuffo , Simone Milani , Pietro Zanuttigh

Weakly supervised semantic segmentation aims to achieve pixel-level predictions using image-level labels. Existing methods typically entangle semantic recognition and object localization, which often leads models to focus exclusively on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Qingze He , Fagui Liu , Dengke Zhang , Qingmao Wei , Quan Tang

In recent years, there has been significant progress in semantic communication systems empowered by deep learning techniques. It has greatly improved the efficiency of information transmission. Nevertheless, traditional semantic…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-01 Zengle Zhu , Rongqing Zhang , Xiang Cheng , Liuqing Yang

Multimodal graphs are gaining increasing attention due to their rich representational power and wide applicability, yet they introduce substantial challenges arising from severe modality confusion. To address this issue, we propose NSG…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Yihan Zhang , Ercan E. Kuruoglu

Multimodal networks have demonstrated remarkable performance improvements over their unimodal counterparts. Existing multimodal networks are designed in a multi-branch fashion that, due to the reliance on fusion strategies, exhibit…

Understanding human intentions (e.g., emotions) from videos has received considerable attention recently. Video streams generally constitute a blend of temporal data stemming from distinct modalities, including natural language, facial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Dingkang Yang , Mingcheng Li , Linhao Qu , Kun Yang , Peng Zhai , Song Wang , Lihua Zhang

Multimodal learning has significantly enhanced machine learning performance but still faces numerous challenges and limitations. Imbalanced multimodal learning is one of the problems extensively studied in recent works and is typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Shu Shen , C. L. Philip Chen , Tong Zhang

As a crucial extension of entity alignment (EA), multi-modal entity alignment (MMEA) aims to identify identical entities across disparate knowledge graphs (KGs) by exploiting associated visual information. However, existing MMEA approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Zhuo Chen , Lingbing Guo , Yin Fang , Yichi Zhang , Jiaoyan Chen , Jeff Z. Pan , Yangning Li , Huajun Chen , Wen Zhang

It's a meaningful and attractive topic to build a general and inclusive segmentation model that can recognize more categories in various scenarios. A straightforward way is to combine the existing fragmented segmentation datasets and train…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Qiang Zhou , Yuang Liu , Chaohui Yu , Jingliang Li , Zhibin Wang , Fan Wang

In Multi-Modal Knowledge Graphs (MMKGs), Multi-Modal Entity Alignment (MMEA) is crucial for identifying identical entities across diverse modal attributes. However, semantic inconsistency, mainly due to missing modal attributes, poses a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Yuanyi Wang , Haifeng Sun , Jiabo Wang , Jingyu Wang , Wei Tang , Qi Qi , Shaoling Sun , Jianxin Liao

Cross-modal embeddings, between textual and visual modalities, aim to organise multimodal instances by their semantic correlations. State-of-the-art approaches use maximum-margin methods, based on the hinge-loss, to enforce a constant…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2019-10-01 David Semedo , João Magalhães

Many real-world problems are inherently multimodal, from spoken language, gestures, and paralinguistics humans use to communicate, to force, proprioception, and visual sensors on robots. While there has been an explosion of interest in…

Multimodal clinical prediction faces three challenges: multiple foundation models (FMs) with complementary strengths per modality, pervasive missing modalities at training and test time, and sample-specific variation in modality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Seungik Cho , Anqi Li , Wei Qiu

Foundation models (FMs) deployed in real-world tasks such as computer-use agents must integrate diverse modalities. How good are FMs at performing joint reasoning, simultaneously reasoning over multiple modalities, especially when the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Chen Henry Wu , Neil Kale , Aditi Raghunathan

We introduce a novel uncertainty-aware multimodal segmentation framework that leverages both radiological images and associated clinical text for precise medical diagnosis. We propose a Modality Decoding Attention Block (MoDAB) with a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Aryan Das , Tanishq Rachamalla , Koushik Biswas , Swalpa Kumar Roy , Vinay Kumar Verma

Semantic communication is emerging as a promising paradigm that focuses on the extraction and transmission of semantic meanings using deep learning techniques. While current research primarily addresses the reduction of semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Hang Zhao , Hongru Li , Dongfang Xu , Shenghui Song , Khaled B. Letaief

To extend the reinforcement learning post-training paradigm to omni-modal models for concurrently bolstering video-audio understanding and collaborative reasoning, we propose OmniJigsaw, a generic self-supervised framework built upon a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yiduo Jia , Muzhi Zhu , Hao Zhong , Mingyu Liu , Yuling Xi , Hao Chen , Bin Qin , Yongjie Yang , Zhenbo Luo , Chunhua Shen

Converting different modalities into generalized text, which then serves as input prompts for large language models (LLMs), is a common approach for aligning multimodal models, particularly when pairwise data is limited. Text-centric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Yun-Da Tsai , Ting-Yu Yen , Keng-Te Liao , Shou-De Lin