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Training spiking neural networks to approximate universal functions is essential for studying information processing in the brain and for neuromorphic computing. Yet the binary nature of spikes poses a challenge for direct gradient-based…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Julia Gygax , Friedemann Zenke

The machine learning community has become increasingly interested in the energy efficiency of neural networks. The Spiking Neural Network (SNN) is a promising approach to energy-efficient computing, since its activation levels are quantized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Aaron R. Voelker , Daniel Rasmussen , Chris Eliasmith

Deep spiking neural networks (SNNs) support asynchronous event-driven computation, massive parallelism and demonstrate great potential to improve the energy efficiency of its synchronous analog counterpart. However, insufficient attention…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-18 Jibin Wu , Yansong Chua , Malu Zhang , Qu Yang , Guoqi Li , Haizhou Li

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are a class of network models capable of processing spatiotemporal information, with event-driven characteristics and energy efficiency advantages. Recently, directly trained SNNs have shown potential to match…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Huaxu He

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), regarded as the third generation of artificial neural networks, are expected to bridge the gap between artificial intelligence and computational neuroscience. However, most mainstream SNN research directly…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Yongsheng Huang , Peibo Duan , Yujie Wu , Kai Sun , Zhipeng Liu , Changsheng Zhang , Bin Zhang , Mingkun Xu

This work presents a novel spiking neural network (SNN) decoding method, combining SNNs with Hyperdimensional computing (HDC). The goal is to create a decoding method with high accuracy, high noise robustness, low latency and low energy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Cedrick Kinavuidi , Luca Peres , Oliver Rhodes

The highly sparse activations in Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) can provide tremendous energy efficiency benefits when carefully exploited in hardware. The behavior of sparsity in SNNs is uniquely shaped by the dataset and training…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Ilkin Aliyev , Tosiron Adegbija

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) represent the forefront of neuromorphic computing, promising energy-efficient and biologically plausible models for complex tasks. This paper weaves together three groundbreaking studies that revolutionize SNN…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Biswadeep Chakraborty , Saibal Mukhopadhyay

The success of deep learning in the past decade is partially shrouded in the shadow of adversarial attacks. In contrast, the brain is far more robust at complex cognitive tasks. Utilizing the advantage that neurons in the brain communicate…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2023-06-12 Jianhao Ding , Zhaofei Yu , Tiejun Huang , Jian K. Liu

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have recently emerged as the low-power alternative to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) owing to their asynchronous, sparse, and binary information processing. To improve the energy-efficiency and throughput,…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Abhiroop Bhattacharjee , Youngeun Kim , Abhishek Moitra , Priyadarshini Panda

Mixed-signal analog/digital circuits emulate spiking neurons and synapses with extremely high energy efficiency, an approach known as "neuromorphic engineering". However, analog circuits are sensitive to process-induced variation among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Julian Büchel , Dmitrii Zendrikov , Sergio Solinas , Giacomo Indiveri , Dylan R. Muir

In recent years, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have been used in reinforcement learning (RL) due to their low power consumption and event-driven features. However, spiking reinforcement learning (SRL), which suffers from fixed coding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Lang Qin , Rui Yan , Huajin Tang

Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based techniques have dominated state-of-the-art results in most problems related to computer vision, audio recognition, and natural language processing in the past few years, resulting in strong industrial…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Khaled F. Hussain , Mohamed Yousef Bassyouni , Erol Gelenbe

Event-based cameras display great potential for a variety of tasks such as high-speed motion detection and navigation in low-light environments where conventional frame-based cameras suffer critically. This is attributed to their high…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-09-16 Chankyu Lee , Adarsh Kumar Kosta , Alex Zihao Zhu , Kenneth Chaney , Kostas Daniilidis , Kaushik Roy

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are brain-inspired, event-driven machine learning algorithms that have been widely recognized in producing ultra-high-energy-efficient hardware. Among existing SNNs, unsupervised SNNs based on synaptic…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Mingyuan Meng , Xingyu Yang , Lei Bi , Jinman Kim , Shanlin Xiao , Zhiyi Yu

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are distributed trainable systems whose computing elements, or neurons, are characterized by internal analog dynamics and by digital and sparse synaptic communications. The sparsity of the synaptic spiking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-08 Hyeryung Jang , Osvaldo Simeone , Brian Gardner , André Grüning

Neural networks have become the key technology of artificial intelligence and have contributed to breakthroughs in several machine learning tasks, primarily owing to advances in deep learning applied to Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs).…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Stanisław Woźniak , Angeliki Pantazi , Thomas Bohnstingl , Evangelos Eleftheriou

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) promise low-power event-driven computation for temporally rich tasks, but commonly used neuron models often trade off gradient-based trainability, dynamical richness, and high activity sparsity. These…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Alex Fulleda-Garcia , Saray Soldado-Magraner , Josep Maria Margarit-Taulé

As an emerging network model, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have aroused significant research attentions in recent years. However, the energy-efficient binary spikes do not augur well with gradient descent-based training approaches.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Siqi Wang , Tee Hiang Cheng , Meng-Hiot Lim

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), which mimic biological neural system to convey information via discrete spikes, are well known as brain-inspired models with excellent computing efficiency. By utilizing the surrogate gradient estimation for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Zekai Xu , Kang You , Qinghai Guo , Xiang Wang , Zhezhi He